ash_typescript

<!--
SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Torkild G. Kjevik

SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-->

# AshTypescript Usage Rules

## Quick Reference

- **Critical requirement**: Add `AshTypescript.Rpc` extension to your Ash domain
- **Primary command**: `mix ash_typescript.codegen` to generate TypeScript types and RPC clients
- **Core pattern**: Configure RPC actions in domain, generate types, import and use type-safe client functions
- **Key validation**: Always validate generated TypeScript compiles successfully
- **Authentication**: Use `buildCSRFHeaders()` for Phoenix CSRF protection

## Essential Syntax

| Pattern | Syntax | Example |
|---------|--------|---------|
| **Domain Setup** | `use Ash.Domain, extensions: [AshTypescript.Rpc]` | Required extension |
| **RPC Action** | `rpc_action :name, :action_type` | `rpc_action :list_todos, :read` |
| **Basic Call** | `functionName({ fields: [...], headers: {...} })` | `listTodos({ fields: ["id", "title"] })` |
| **Read Action** | Supports `fields`, `page`, `sort`, `filter` | Has pagination & filtering |
| **Get Action** | Only supports `fields` | Single record, no page/sort |
| **Field Selection** | `["field1", {"nested": ["field2"]}]` | Relationships in objects |
| **Calculation Args** | `{ calc: { args: {...}, fields: [...] } }` | Complex calculations |
| **Union Fields** | `{ unionField: ["member1", {"member2": [...]}] }` | Selective union member access |
| **Filter Syntax** | `{ field: { eq: value } }` | Always use operator objects |
| **Sort String** | `"-field1,field2"` | Dash prefix = descending |
| **CSRF Headers** | `buildCSRFHeaders()` | Phoenix CSRF protection |
| **Multitenancy** | `tenant: "org-123"` | Required for multitenant resources |
| **Input Args** | `input: { argName: value }` | Action arguments go here |
| **Update/Destroy** | `primaryKey: "id-123"` | Primary key separate from input for update/destroy |
| **Custom Fetch** | `customFetch: myFetchFn` | Replace native fetch (axios adapter, auth) |
| **Fetch Options** | `fetchOptions: { timeout: 5000 }` | RequestInit options (timeout, cache, etc.) |
| **Channel Function** | `actionNameChannel({ channel, resultHandler, ... })` | Phoenix channel-based RPC calls |
| **Validation Config** | `generate_validation_functions: true` | Enable validation function generation |
| **Channel Config** | `generate_phx_channel_rpc_actions: true` | Enable channel function generation |
| **Field Name Mapping** | `field_names [field_1: :field1]` | Map invalid field names to valid TypeScript identifiers |
| **Argument Mapping** | `argument_names [action: [arg_1: :arg1]]` | Map invalid argument names per action |
| **Metadata Config** | `show_metadata: [:field1, :field2]` | Control which metadata fields are exposed via RPC |
| **Metadata Mapping** | `metadata_field_names: [field_1: :field1]` | Map invalid metadata field names to valid TypeScript identifiers |
| **Metadata Selection (Read)** | `metadataFields: ["field1", "field2"]` | Select metadata fields for read actions (merged into records) |
| **Metadata Access (Mutations)** | `result.metadata.field1` | Access metadata from create/update/destroy (separate field) |

## Critical Patterns

```typescript
// Read action - full features
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", {
    user: ["name"],
    comments: ["id", "content"]
  }],
  filter: { completed: { eq: false } },
  page: { limit: 10, offset: 0 },
  sort: "-createdAt,title",
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Get action - fields only
const todo = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"]
});

// Create with input
const newTodo = await createTodo({
  input: { title: "New Task", userId: "123" },
  fields: ["id", "title", "createdAt"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Update requires primaryKey separate from input
const updatedTodo = await updateTodo({
  primaryKey: "todo-123",  // Primary key as separate parameter
  input: { title: "Updated Task", priority: "high" },
  fields: ["id", "title", "priority", "updatedAt"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Destroy requires primaryKey separate from input
const deletedTodo = await destroyTodo({
  primaryKey: "todo-123",  // Primary key as separate parameter
  fields: [],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Read action with metadata - fields merged into records
const tasksWithMetadata = await readTasksWithMetadata({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  metadataFields: ["processingTimeMs", "cacheStatus"]
});

if (tasksWithMetadata.success) {
  tasksWithMetadata.data.forEach(task => {
    console.log(task.id);                  // Regular field
    console.log(task.title);               // Regular field
    console.log(task.processingTimeMs);    // Metadata field (merged in)
    console.log(task.cacheStatus);         // Metadata field (merged in)
  });
}

// Create action with metadata - separate metadata field
const createdTask = await createTask({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  input: { title: "New Task" }
});

if (createdTask.success) {
  console.log(createdTask.data.id);           // Regular field
  console.log(createdTask.data.title);        // Regular field
  console.log(createdTask.metadata.createdAt); // Metadata field (separate)
  console.log(createdTask.metadata.operationId); // Metadata field (separate)
}

// Union field selection
const content = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", {
    content: ["note", { text: ["text", "wordCount"] }]
  }]
});

// Complex calculation with args
const complexCalc = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", {
    self: { args: { prefix: "my_" }, fields: ["id", "title"] }
  }]
});

// Custom fetch with user preferences and options
const enhancedFetch = async (url, init) => {
  const userLanguage = localStorage.getItem('userLanguage') || 'en';
  const correlationId = `req_${Date.now()}_${Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9)}`;

  return fetch(url, {
    ...init,
    headers: {
      ...init?.headers,
      'Accept-Language': userLanguage,
      'X-Correlation-ID': correlationId
    }
  });
};

const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  customFetch: enhancedFetch,
  fetchOptions: {
    signal: AbortSignal.timeout(5000),
    credentials: 'include'
  }
});

// Validation patterns (when generate_validation_functions: true)
const validationResult = await validateCreateTodo({
  input: { title: "Validate Me" }
});

if (!validationResult.success) {
  validationResult.errors.forEach(error => {
    console.log(`${error.fieldPath}: ${error.message}`);
  });
}

// Channel validation (when both generate_validation_functions and generate_phx_channel_rpc_actions: true)
validateCreateTodoChannel({
  channel: channel,
  input: { title: "Channel Validate" },
  resultHandler: (result) => {
    if (result.success) {
      console.log("Validation passed");
    } else {
      console.error("Validation failed:", result.errors);
    }
  }
});

// Phoenix Channel patterns (when generate_phx_channel_rpc_actions: true)
import { Socket, Channel } from "phoenix";

// Setup Phoenix channel
const socket = new Socket("/socket", { params: { token: "auth-token" } });
socket.connect();
const channel = socket.channel("rpc:lobby", {});
await channel.join();

// Channel-based RPC calls - same features as HTTP, different interface
createTodoChannel({
  channel: channel,
  input: { title: "Channel Todo" },
  fields: ["id", "title", "createdAt"],
  resultHandler: (result) => {
    if (result.success) {
      console.log("Created:", result.data);
    } else {
      console.error("Failed:", result.errors);
    }
  },
  errorHandler: (error) => console.error("Channel error:", error),
  timeoutHandler: () => console.error("Timeout")
});

// All HTTP features work with channels
listTodosChannel({
  channel: channel,
  fields: ["id", "title", { user: ["name"] }],
  filter: { completed: { eq: false } },
  page: { limit: 10 },
  sort: "-createdAt",
  resultHandler: (result) => {
    // Same typed result structure as HTTP
  }
});
```

## Action Type Decision Tree

```
User wants to...
├─ Get multiple records? → Use READ action
│   ├─ Over HTTP? → listTodos()
│   └─ Over Channel? → listTodosChannel()
├─ Get single record? → Use GET action
│   ├─ Over HTTP? → getTodo()
│   └─ Over Channel? → getTodoChannel()
├─ Create new record? → Use CREATE action
│   ├─ Over HTTP? → createTodo()
│   └─ Over Channel? → createTodoChannel()
├─ Update existing record? → Use UPDATE action
│   ├─ Over HTTP? → updateTodo()
│   └─ Over Channel? → updateTodoChannel()
├─ Delete record? → Use DESTROY action
│   ├─ Over HTTP? → destroyTodo()
│   └─ Over Channel? → destroyTodoChannel()
└─ Custom logic? → Use custom ACTION
    ├─ Over HTTP? → customActionTodo()
    └─ Over Channel? → customActionTodoChannel()
```

## Error Pattern Recognition

| Error Message Contains | Likely Issue | Quick Fix |
|------------------------|--------------|-----------|
| "Property does not exist on type" | Types out of sync | `mix ash_typescript.codegen` |
| "fields is required" | Missing fields param | Add `fields: [...]` |
| "No domains found" | Wrong environment | Use `MIX_ENV=test` |
| "Action not found" | Missing RPC declaration | Add `rpc_action` to domain |
| "403 Forbidden" | CSRF issue | Use `buildCSRFHeaders()` |
| "Union field selection requires" | Union syntax error | Use `{ unionField: ["member1", { member2: [...] }] }` |
| "Filter requires operator" | Filter syntax error | Use `{field: {eq: value}}` not `{field: value}` |
| "Cannot find module 'phoenix'" | Missing Phoenix dependency | `npm install phoenix @types/phoenix` |
| "functionNameChannel is not defined" | Channel generation disabled | Set `generate_phx_channel_rpc_actions: true` |
| "validateFunctionName is not defined" | Validation generation disabled | Set `generate_validation_functions: true` |
| "Invalid field names found" | Field/arg name has `_1` or `?` | Add `field_names` or `argument_names` to resource |
| "Invalid field names in map/keyword/tuple" | Map constraint has invalid fields | Create custom `Ash.Type.NewType` with `typescript_field_names/0` |
| "Invalid metadata field name" | Metadata field has `_1` or `?` | Add `metadata_field_names` to `rpc_action` |
| "Metadata field conflicts with resource field" | Metadata field shadows resource field | Rename metadata field or use different name |

## Basic Setup

**1. Add RPC extension to your domain:**

```elixir
defmodule MyApp.Domain do
  use Ash.Domain,
    extensions: [AshTypescript.Rpc]

  typescript_rpc do
    resource MyApp.Todo do
      rpc_action :list_todos, :read
      rpc_action :get_todo, :get
      rpc_action :create_todo, :create
      rpc_action :update_todo, :update
      rpc_action :destroy_todo, :destroy
    end
  end

  resources do
    resource MyApp.Todo
  end
end
```

**2. Generate TypeScript types:**

```bash
mix ash_typescript.codegen --output "assets/js/ash_rpc.ts"
```

**3. Use in TypeScript:**

```typescript
import { listTodos, getTodo, createTodo, buildCSRFHeaders } from './ash_rpc';

// Read action - no page/sort fields
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Get action - single record
const todo = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Create with input
const newTodo = await createTodo({
  input: { title: "New Task", userId: "123" },
  fields: ["id", "title", "createdAt"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});
```

## Core Patterns

### Field Selection

```typescript
// Basic fields
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed", "priority"]
});

// With relationships
const todosWithUsers = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", { user: ["id", "name", "email"] }]
});

// Nested relationships
const todosWithComments = await listTodos({
  fields: [
    "id", "title",
    {
      comments: ["id", "content", { user: ["name"] }]
    }
  ]
});

// Calculations
const todosWithCalculations = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "isOverdue", "commentCount"]
});

// Complex calculations with args
const todoWithSelf = await getTodo({
  fields: [
    "id", "title",
    {
      self: {
        args: { prefix: "PREFIX_" },
        fields: ["id", "title", "status", "priority"]
      }
    }
  ]
});

// Metadata with field selection (read actions - merged into records)
const todosWithMetadata = await listTodosWithMetadata({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"],
  metadataFields: ["processingTimeMs", "cacheStatus", "apiVersion"]
});

// Access metadata merged into records
if (todosWithMetadata.success) {
  todosWithMetadata.data.forEach(todo => {
    console.log(todo.id);                // Regular field
    console.log(todo.title);             // Regular field
    console.log(todo.processingTimeMs);  // Metadata field (merged)
    console.log(todo.cacheStatus);       // Metadata field (merged)
  });
}
```

### Filtering and Sorting

```typescript
// Basic filtering (read actions only)
const activeTodos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"],
  filter: { completed: { eq: false } },
  page: { limit: 20 },
  sort: "-priority,title"  // Descending priority, ascending title
});

// Multiple filters
const urgentTodos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "priority"],
  filter: {
    and: [
      { priority: { eq: "urgent" } },
      { completed: { eq: false } }
    ]
  }
});

// Date filters with sort
const recentTodos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "createdAt"],
  filter: {
    createdAt: {
      greaterThan: "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"
    }
  },
  sort: "-createdAt,title"
});
```

### Input Fields for Actions

```typescript
// Action with required arguments
const searchResults = await searchTodos({
  input: { query: "urgent", status: "pending" },
  fields: ["id", "title", "priority"]
});

// Action with optional arguments
const filteredTodos = await listTodosByStatus({
  input: { status: "completed" },  // Optional
  fields: ["id", "title"]
});

// Or omit input when all arguments are optional
const allTodos = await listTodosByStatus({
  fields: ["id", "title"]  // No input needed
});
```

### Authentication and Headers

```typescript
// CSRF protection for Phoenix
import { buildCSRFHeaders, getPhoenixCSRFToken } from './ash_rpc';

const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  headers: buildCSRFHeaders()
});

// Custom authentication
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  headers: {
    "Authorization": "Bearer your-jwt-token",
    "X-Custom-Header": "custom-value"
  }
});

// Multiple headers
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  headers: {
    ...buildCSRFHeaders(),
    "Authorization": "Bearer your-jwt-token"
  }
});

// Custom fetch for global preferences
const prefsFetch = async (url, init) => {
  const userLanguage = localStorage.getItem('userLanguage') || 'en';
  const timezone = localStorage.getItem('userTimezone') || 'UTC';

  return fetch(url, {
    ...init,
    headers: {
      ...init?.headers,
      'Accept-Language': userLanguage,
      'X-User-Timezone': timezone
    }
  });
};

const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  customFetch: prefsFetch,
  fetchOptions: { timeout: 10000 }
});

// Axios adapter example
const axiosAdapter = async (url, init) => {
  const response = await axios({
    url: typeof url === 'string' ? url : url.toString(),
    method: init?.method || 'GET',
    headers: init?.headers,
    data: init?.body,
    timeout: 10000
  });
  return new Response(JSON.stringify(response.data), {
    status: response.status,
    headers: new Headers(response.headers)
  });
};

const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  customFetch: axiosAdapter
});
```

## Field Selection Cheat Sheet

| Need | Syntax | Example |
|------|--------|---------|
| Basic fields | `["field1", "field2"]` | `["id", "title", "completed"]` |
| Relationship | `{ rel: ["field1"] }` | `{ user: ["id", "name"] }` |
| Nested relationship | `{ rel: [{ nested: [...] }] }` | `{ comments: [{ user: ["name"] }] }` |
| Calculation (simple) | `["calcName"]` | `["isOverdue", "commentCount"]` |
| Calculation (args) | `{ calc: {args: {...}, fields: [...]} }` | `{ self: {args: {prefix: "x"}, fields: ["id"]} }` |
| Union (selective) | `{ union: ["member1", { member2: [...] }] }` | `{ content: ["note", { text: ["text"] }] }` |
| Metadata (read) | `metadataFields: ["field1"]` | `metadataFields: ["processingTime", "cacheStatus"]` |
| Metadata (mutation) | Access via `result.metadata` | `result.metadata.operationId` |

## Common Gotchas

### 1. Domain Extension Setup

❌ **Wrong - Missing extension:**
```elixir
defmodule MyApp.Domain do
  use Ash.Domain  # Missing extension!
end
```

✅ **Correct - Add extension:**
```elixir
defmodule MyApp.Domain do
  use Ash.Domain,
    extensions: [AshTypescript.Rpc]  # Required!

  typescript_rpc do
    resource MyApp.Todo do
      rpc_action :list_todos, :read
    end
  end
end
```

### 2. Explicit RPC Action Declaration

❌ **Wrong - Assuming actions are auto-exposed:**
```elixir
typescript_rpc do
  resource MyApp.Todo  # Missing action declarations!
end
```

✅ **Correct - Explicit declarations:**
```elixir
typescript_rpc do
  resource MyApp.Todo do
    rpc_action :list_todos, :read
    rpc_action :create_todo, :create
  end
end
```

### 3. Read vs Get Action Differences

❌ **Wrong - Using page/sort on get actions:**
```typescript
const todo = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  page: { limit: 1 },  // Not available on get actions!
  sort: "-createdAt"   // Not available on get actions!
});
```

✅ **Correct - Get actions only support fields:**
```typescript
const todo = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"]  // Only fields available
});

// Use read actions for page/sort/filter
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  page: { limit: 1 },
  sort: "-createdAt"
});
```

### 4. Field Selection Requirements

❌ **Wrong - Omitting fields parameter:**
```typescript
const todos = await listTodos({
  filter: { completed: false }  // Missing required fields!
});
```

✅ **Correct - Always include fields:**
```typescript
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title", "completed"],
  filter: { completed: { eq: false } }
});
```

### 5. Filter Syntax

❌ **Wrong - Using direct value filters:**
```typescript
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  filter: { completed: false }  // Wrong syntax
});
```

✅ **Correct - Using filter operators:**
```typescript
const todos = await listTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  filter: { completed: { eq: false } }  // Correct syntax
});
```

### 6. Multitenancy Configuration

❌ **Wrong - Missing tenant parameter:**
```typescript
const orgTodos = await listOrgTodos({
  fields: ["id", "title"]  // Missing tenant!
});
```

✅ **Correct - Include tenant parameter:**
```typescript
const orgTodos = await listOrgTodos({
  tenant: "org-123",
  fields: ["id", "title"]
});
```

### 7. Field Name Mapping for Invalid Names

❌ **Wrong - Using invalid field names directly:**
```elixir
# Resource with invalid TypeScript field names
defmodule MyApp.User do
  use Ash.Resource, extensions: [AshTypescript.Resource]

  typescript do
    type_name "User"
  end

  attributes do
    # Invalid: underscore before digit
    attribute :address_line_1, :string, public?: true
    # Invalid: question mark
    attribute :is_active?, :boolean, public?: true
  end

  actions do
    read :search do
      # Invalid argument name
      argument :filter_value_1, :string
    end
  end
end
# Error: "Invalid field names found"
```

✅ **Correct - Map invalid names to valid TypeScript identifiers:**
```elixir
defmodule MyApp.User do
  use Ash.Resource, extensions: [AshTypescript.Resource]

  typescript do
    type_name "User"
    # Map invalid field names to valid ones
    field_names [
      address_line_1: :address_line1,
      is_active?: :is_active
    ]
    # Map invalid argument names per action
    argument_names [
      search: [filter_value_1: :filter_value1]
    ]
  end

  attributes do
    attribute :address_line_1, :string, public?: true
    attribute :is_active?, :boolean, public?: true
  end

  actions do
    read :search do
      argument :filter_value_1, :string
    end
  end
end
```

**TypeScript usage with mapped names:**
```typescript
// Create with mapped field names
const user = await createUser({
  input: {
    addressLine1: "123 Main St",  // Mapped from address_line_1
    isActive: true                 // Mapped from is_active?
  },
  fields: ["id", "addressLine1", "isActive"]
});

// Search with mapped argument names
const results = await searchUsers({
  input: { filterValue1: "test" },  // Mapped from filter_value_1
  fields: ["id", "addressLine1"]
});
```

### 8. Metadata Field Selection and Configuration

❌ **Wrong - Expecting automatic metadata exposure:**
```elixir
# Action with metadata
actions do
  read :read_with_metadata do
    metadata :field_1, :string
    metadata :is_cached?, :boolean
  end
end

# Missing show_metadata configuration
typescript_rpc do
  resource MyApp.Task do
    rpc_action :read_data, :read_with_metadata
    # Metadata not configured - will expose all fields with invalid names!
  end
end
```

✅ **Correct - Control metadata exposure and map invalid names:**
```elixir
typescript_rpc do
  resource MyApp.Task do
    rpc_action :read_data, :read_with_metadata,
      show_metadata: [:field_1, :is_cached?],
      metadata_field_names: [
        field_1: :field1,
        is_cached?: :isCached
      ]
  end
end
```

**Read action usage (metadata merged into records):**
```typescript
const tasks = await readData({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  metadataFields: ["field1", "isCached"]  // Mapped names
});

if (tasks.success) {
  tasks.data.forEach(task => {
    console.log(task.id);        // Regular field
    console.log(task.title);     // Regular field
    console.log(task.field1);    // Metadata field (merged)
    console.log(task.isCached);  // Metadata field (merged)
  });
}
```

**Create/Update/Destroy action usage (separate metadata field):**
```typescript
const result = await createTask({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  input: { title: "New Task" }
});

if (result.success) {
  console.log(result.data.id);           // Regular field
  console.log(result.metadata.field1);   // Metadata field (separate)
  console.log(result.metadata.isCached); // Metadata field (separate)
}
```

**show_metadata configuration options:**
- `show_metadata: nil` - Expose all metadata fields (default)
- `show_metadata: false` or `[]` - Disable metadata entirely
- `show_metadata: [:field1, :field2]` - Expose only specific fields

### 9. Map Type Field Name Mapping

❌ **Wrong - Invalid field names in map constraints:**
```elixir
# This will fail verification!
attribute :metadata, :map do
  public? true
  constraints fields: [
    field_1: [type: :string],        # Invalid
    is_active?: [type: :boolean]     # Invalid
  ]
end
```

✅ **Correct - Create custom type with typescript_field_names callback:**
```elixir
# Define custom type with mapping
defmodule MyApp.CustomMetadata do
  use Ash.Type.NewType,
    subtype_of: :map,
    constraints: [
      fields: [
        field_1: [type: :string],
        is_active?: [type: :boolean]
      ]
    ]

  @impl true
  def typescript_field_names do
    [
      field_1: :field1,
      is_active?: :isActive
    ]
  end
end

# Use custom type in resource
attribute :metadata, MyApp.CustomMetadata, public?: true
```

**Generated TypeScript:**
```typescript
type User = {
  metadata: {
    field1: string;      // Mapped from field_1
    isActive: boolean;   // Mapped from is_active?
  }
}
```

## Action Metadata Support

### Configuration
Configure which metadata fields are exposed via RPC:

```elixir
defmodule MyApp.Domain do
  use Ash.Domain, extensions: [AshTypescript.Rpc]

  typescript_rpc do
    resource MyApp.Task do
      # Expose all metadata fields (default)
      rpc_action :read_all_metadata, :read_with_metadata, show_metadata: nil

      # Disable metadata entirely
      rpc_action :read_no_metadata, :read_with_metadata, show_metadata: false

      # Expose specific fields only
      rpc_action :read_selected, :read_with_metadata,
        show_metadata: [:processing_time, :cache_status]

      # With field name mapping for invalid names
      rpc_action :read_mapped, :read_with_metadata,
        show_metadata: [:field_1, :is_cached?],
        metadata_field_names: [
          field_1: :field1,
          is_cached?: :isCached
        ]
    end
  end
end
```

### Read Actions - Metadata Merged Into Records

For read actions, metadata fields are merged directly into each record:

```typescript
const tasks = await readTasksWithMetadata({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  metadataFields: ["processingTimeMs", "cacheStatus"]
});

if (tasks.success) {
  tasks.data.forEach(task => {
    // Regular fields
    const id: string = task.id;
    const title: string = task.title;

    // Metadata fields merged in
    const processingTime: number = task.processingTimeMs;
    const cacheStatus: string = task.cacheStatus;
  });
}

// Omit metadataFields to not include any metadata
const tasksNoMeta = await readTasksWithMetadata({
  fields: ["id", "title"]
  // No metadata included
});
```

### Mutation Actions - Separate Metadata Field

For create, update, and destroy actions, metadata is returned as a separate `metadata` field:

```typescript
// Create action
const created = await createTask({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  input: { title: "New Task" }
});

if (created.success) {
  // Access data
  console.log(created.data.id);
  console.log(created.data.title);

  // Access metadata separately
  console.log(created.metadata.operationId);
  console.log(created.metadata.createdAt);
}

// Update action
const updated = await updateTask({
  primaryKey: "task-123",
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  input: { title: "Updated" }
});

if (updated.success) {
  console.log(updated.data.title);
  console.log(updated.metadata.updatedAt);
}

// Destroy action
const destroyed = await destroyTask({
  primaryKey: "task-123"
});

if (destroyed.success) {
  console.log(destroyed.data);  // Empty object {}
  console.log(destroyed.metadata.deletedAt);
}
```

### Metadata Field Name Mapping

Map invalid metadata field names to valid TypeScript identifiers:

```elixir
# Invalid metadata field names in action
actions do
  read :read_with_metadata do
    metadata :field_1, :string        # Invalid: underscore before digit
    metadata :is_cached?, :boolean    # Invalid: question mark
    metadata :metric_2, :integer      # Invalid: underscore before digit
  end
end

# Map to valid names in RPC configuration
typescript_rpc do
  resource MyApp.Task do
    rpc_action :read_data, :read_with_metadata,
      show_metadata: [:field_1, :is_cached?, :metric_2],
      metadata_field_names: [
        field_1: :field1,
        is_cached?: :isCached,
        metric_2: :metric2
      ]
  end
end
```

**TypeScript usage with mapped names:**
```typescript
const tasks = await readData({
  fields: ["id", "title"],
  metadataFields: ["field1", "isCached", "metric2"]
});

if (tasks.success) {
  tasks.data.forEach(task => {
    console.log(task.field1);    // Mapped from field_1
    console.log(task.isCached);  // Mapped from is_cached?
    console.log(task.metric2);   // Mapped from metric_2
  });
}
```

## Advanced Features (Brief Overview)

### Typed Queries for SSR
Predefined field selections for server-side rendering:

```elixir
typed_query :todos_dashboard_view, :read do
  ts_result_type_name "TodosDashboardView"
  ts_fields_const_name "todosDashboardFields"
  fields [:id, :title, :priority, :completed]
end
```

Backend usage: `AshTypescript.Rpc.run_typed_query(:my_app, :todos_dashboard_view, params, conn)`

### Union Types
Selective field access for union types:

```typescript
const todoWithContent = await getTodo({
  fields: ["id", {
    content: [
      "note",  // Simple union member
      { text: ["text", "wordCount"] }  // Complex union member
    ]
  }]
});
```

### Multitenancy
Automatic tenant parameter injection:

```typescript
const orgTodos = await listOrgTodos({
  tenant: "org-123",
  fields: ["id", "title"]
});
```

### Custom Types
Configure custom TypeScript imports:

```elixir
# config/config.exs
config :ash_typescript,
  import_into_generated: [
    %{import_name: "CustomTypes", file: "./customTypes"}
  ]
```

### Zod Schema Generation
Enable runtime validation:

```elixir
config :ash_typescript, generate_zod_schemas: true
```

Generates validation schemas for inputs and filters.

### Unconstrained Map Handling
Actions that accept or return unconstrained maps (maps without specific constraints) bypass standard field formatting:

**Input Maps**: When an action input is an unconstrained map, the entire map is passed through as-is to the action.

**Output Maps**: When an action returns an unconstrained map, the `fields` parameter is removed from the generated function signature and the entire map is returned without field selection processing.

```typescript
// Action with unconstrained map input
const result = await processData({
  input: {
    // Any arbitrary map structure allowed
    customKey: "value",
    nestedData: { foo: "bar" },
    arrayData: [1, 2, 3]
  }
  // Note: fields parameter may be omitted for unconstrained outputs
});

// Action with unconstrained map output - entire map returned
const rawData = await getRawData({
  // No fields parameter - entire map returned
});
```

This allows maximum flexibility for actions that work with dynamic or unstructured data while maintaining type safety for structured resources.

## Troubleshooting

| Error | Cause | Solution |
|-------|-------|----------|
| "No domains found" | Wrong environment | Use `MIX_ENV=test mix ash_typescript.codegen` |
| "Action not found" | Missing RPC declaration | Add `rpc_action` to domain |
| "Invalid field names found" | Field/arg with `_1` or `?` | Add `field_names` or `argument_names` to `typescript` block |
| "Invalid field names in map/keyword/tuple" | Map constraint fields invalid | Create `Ash.Type.NewType` with `typescript_field_names/0` callback |
| "Invalid metadata field name" | Metadata field has `_1` or `?` | Add `metadata_field_names` to `rpc_action` configuration |
| "Metadata field conflicts" | Metadata shadows resource field | Rename metadata field or use `metadata_field_names` mapping |
| TypeScript compilation fails | Types out of sync | Run `mix ash_typescript.codegen` |
| "fields is required" | Missing fields param | Add `fields: [...]` |
| "403 Forbidden" | CSRF issue | Use `buildCSRFHeaders()` |
| "500 Internal Server Error" | Server configuration | Check Phoenix routes and logs |
| Union field selection error | Wrong syntax | Use `{union: ["member", {complex: [...]}]}` |



## Development Workflow

1. **Update Ash resources/actions**
2. **Add RPC actions to domain**
3. **Generate and validate types**: `mix ash_typescript.codegen`
4. **Validate compilation**: `npx tsc ash_rpc.ts --noEmit`
5. **Test in application**

### Pre-commit validation:
```bash
mix ash_typescript.codegen --check
npx tsc assets/js/ash_rpc.ts --noEmit
```

## Configuration Reference

```elixir
# config/config.exs
config :ash_typescript,
  output_file: "assets/js/ash_rpc.ts",
  run_endpoint: "/rpc/run",
  validate_endpoint: "/rpc/validate",
  require_tenant_parameters: false,
  generate_zod_schemas: false,
  import_into_generated: [
    %{import_name: "CustomTypes", file: "./customTypes"}
  ]
```

## Quick Commands

```bash
# Generate types to default location
mix ash_typescript.codegen

# Generate to custom location
mix ash_typescript.codegen --output "frontend/types/api.ts"

# Check if generated code is up to date
mix ash_typescript.codegen --check

# Preview generated code without writing
mix ash_typescript.codegen --dry-run

# Validate TypeScript compilation
npx tsc generated-file.ts --noEmit --strict
```

## Performance Tips

- **Select minimal fields only**: `["id", "title"]` vs `["id", "title", "description", ...]`
- **Use pagination**: `page: { limit: 20 }`
- **Avoid deep nested relationships** unless required
- **Use typed queries** for consistent SSR field selection
- **Use Zod schemas** for runtime validation when available