yf_quote

defmodule YfQuote do
  @moduledoc """
  A module for fetching prices from Yahoo Finance with currency conversion
  """

  defmodule Quote do
    @moduledoc """
    Structure representing a price quote
    """
    defstruct [:price, :currency, :symbol, :datetime, :market_timezone]

    @type t :: %__MODULE__{
            price: float() | nil,
            currency: String.t(),
            symbol: String.t(),
            datetime: DateTime.t(),
            market_timezone: String.t() | nil
          }
  end

  defimpl Jason.Encoder, for: YfQuote.Quote do
    def encode(quote, opts) do
      Jason.Encode.map(
        %{
          price: quote.price,
          currency: quote.currency,
          symbol: quote.symbol,
          datetime: DateTime.to_iso8601(quote.datetime),
          market_timezone: quote.market_timezone
        },
        opts
      )
    end
  end

  # Yahoo Finance API configuration
  @yahoo_finance_base_url "https://query1.finance.yahoo.com/v8/finance/chart"
  @rate_limit_delay_ms 200
  @forex_retry_count 5
  @forex_retry_delay_base_ms 1000

  # Valid currency codes (ISO 4217)
  @valid_currencies_list [
    "USD",
    "EUR",
    "GBP",
    "JPY",
    "CHF",
    "CAD",
    "AUD",
    "NZD",
    "SEK",
    "NOK",
    "DKK",
    "PLN",
    "CZK",
    "HUF",
    "TRY",
    "ZAR",
    "MXN",
    "BRL",
    "CNY",
    "HKD",
    "SGD",
    "INR",
    "KRW",
    "THB",
    "PHP",
    "IDR",
    "MYR",
    "VND",
    "TWD",
    "RUB",
    "ILS",
    "AED",
    "SAR",
    "QAR",
    "KWD",
    "BHD",
    "OMR",
    "JOD",
    "LBP",
    "EGP",
    "MAD",
    "TND",
    "DZD",
    "LYD",
    "GHS",
    "NGN",
    "KES",
    "UGX",
    "TZS",
    "RWF",
    "ETB",
    "XOF",
    "XAF",
    "CLP",
    "PEN",
    "COP",
    "VEF",
    "UYU",
    "ARS",
    "BOB",
    "PYG",
    "CRC",
    "GTQ",
    "HNL",
    "NIO",
    "PAB"
  ]

  # Converts forex format AAA/BBB to Yahoo format AAABBB=X if valid currencies
  defp convert_forex_format(ticker) do
    case String.split(ticker, "/") do
      [base, quote] ->
        if String.length(base) == 3 and String.length(quote) == 3 do
          base_upper = String.upcase(base)
          quote_upper = String.upcase(quote)

          if base_upper in @valid_currencies_list and
               quote_upper in @valid_currencies_list do
            "#{base_upper}#{quote_upper}=X"
          else
            # Not valid currencies, use as-is
            ticker
          end
        else
          # Not 3-letter codes
          ticker
        end

      _ ->
        # Not AAA/BBB format, use as-is
        ticker
    end
  end

  # Finds a date with available data (avoids weekends)
  defp get_fallback_dates(target_date, max_days_back \\ 7) do
    0..(max_days_back - 1)
    |> Enum.map(fn days ->
      Date.add(target_date, -days)
    end)
    |> Enum.filter(fn date ->
      # Monday=1, Friday=5
      Date.day_of_week(date) < 6
    end)
  end

  # Internal utility function to fetch raw prices with temporal data
  defp get_price_with_time(opts) do
    ticker = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :ticker)
    date_str = Keyword.get(opts, :date)

    # Convert forex pairs to Yahoo Finance format
    yahoo_ticker = convert_forex_format(ticker)

    case date_str do
      nil ->
        get_current_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker)

      date_str ->
        get_historical_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, date_str)
    end
  end

  # Legacy function for conversion rates (simpler interface)
  defp get_price(opts) do
    ticker = Keyword.fetch!(opts, :ticker)
    date_str = Keyword.get(opts, :date)
    with_currency = Keyword.get(opts, :with_currency, false)

    # Convert forex pairs to Yahoo Finance format
    yahoo_ticker = convert_forex_format(ticker)

    result =
      case date_str do
        nil ->
          get_current_price_with_meta(yahoo_ticker, with_currency)

        date_str ->
          get_historical_price_with_meta(yahoo_ticker, date_str, with_currency)
      end

    result
  end

  @doc """
  Fetches asset price with optional currency conversion

  Parameters:
    - symbol - Exact ticker (e.g. "BTC-USD", "AAPL", "EURCHF=X") (required)

  Options:
    - :to - Target currency (e.g. "CHF", "EUR") (optional, default: native currency)
    - :date - Date struct (e.g. ~D[2024-12-31]) (optional)

  Ticker formats:
    - Crypto: "BTC-USD", "ETH-USD"
    - Stocks: "AAPL", "TSLA", "GOOGL"
    - Forex: "EURCHF=X", "GBPUSD=X"

  ## Examples

      # Bitcoin in USD (default)
      iex(1)> {:ok, quote} = YfQuote.get_quote("BTC-USD")
      {:ok,
      %YfQuote.Quote{
        price: 109409.086,
        currency: "USD",
        symbol: "BTC-USD",
        datetime: ~U[2025-09-04 16:42:00Z],
        market_timezone: "UTC"
      }}


      # Bitcoin in CHF
      iex(1)>  {:ok, quote} = YfQuote.get_quote("BTC-USD", to: "CHF")
      {:ok,
      %YfQuote.Quote{
        price: 88227.4869504,
        currency: "CHF",
        symbol: "BTC-USD",
        datetime: ~U[2025-09-04 16:42:00Z],
        market_timezone: "UTC"
      }}


      # Apple stock
      iex(1)> {:ok, quote} = YfQuote.get_quote("AAPL")
      {:ok,
      %YfQuote.Quote{
        price: 237.05,
        currency: "USD",
        symbol: "AAPL",
        datetime: ~U[2025-09-04 16:43:52Z],
        market_timezone: "America/New_York"
      }}


      # Historical price
      iex(1)> YfQuote.get_quote("BTC-USD", date: ~D[2024-12-31])
      {:ok,
      %YfQuote.Quote{
        price: 93429.203125,
        currency: "USD",
        symbol: "BTC-USD",
        datetime: ~U[2024-12-31 23:59:59Z],
        market_timezone: "UTC"
      }}

      # Date too old
      iex(1)> YfQuote.get_quote("BTC-USD", date: ~D[2014-08-01])
      {:error, :no_data}


  Returns: {:ok, %Quote{}} | {:error, reason}
  Error reasons:
    - :no_data - No data available
    - :invalid_symbol - Ticker not recognized
    - :conversion_failed - Currency conversion failed
  """
  @spec get_quote(String.t(), keyword()) ::
          {:ok, Quote.t()} | {:error, :no_data | :invalid_symbol | :conversion_failed}
  def get_quote(symbol, opts \\ []) do
    target_currency = Keyword.get(opts, :to)
    date = Keyword.get(opts, :date)
    date_str = if date, do: Date.to_iso8601(date), else: nil

    case get_base_price_and_currency_with_time(symbol, date_str) do
      {:invalid_symbol, _, _, _} ->
        handle_invalid_symbol_error(symbol, date)

      {:no_data, _, _, _} ->
        {:error, :no_data}

      {nil, _, _, _} ->
        handle_nil_price_error(symbol, date)

      {base_price, native_currency, datetime, timezone} ->
        build_quote_with_conversion(
          symbol,
          base_price,
          native_currency,
          target_currency,
          datetime,
          timezone,
          date_str
        )
    end
  end

  # Handle invalid symbol error with historical date fallback
  defp handle_invalid_symbol_error(symbol, date) do
    if date do
      case get_base_price_and_currency_with_time(symbol, nil) do
        {price, _, _, _} when is_number(price) -> {:error, :no_data}
        _ -> {:error, :invalid_symbol}
      end
    else
      {:error, :invalid_symbol}
    end
  end

  # Handle nil price error with fallback logic
  defp handle_nil_price_error(symbol, date) do
    if date do
      case get_base_price_and_currency_with_time(symbol, nil) do
        {:invalid_symbol, _, _, _} -> {:error, :invalid_symbol}
        {price, _, _, _} when is_number(price) -> {:error, :no_data}
        _ -> {:error, :invalid_symbol}
      end
    else
      {:error, :invalid_symbol}
    end
  end

  # Build quote with optional currency conversion
  defp build_quote_with_conversion(
         symbol,
         base_price,
         native_currency,
         target_currency,
         datetime,
         timezone,
         date_str
       ) do
    if target_currency && target_currency != native_currency do
      apply_currency_conversion(
        symbol,
        base_price,
        native_currency,
        target_currency,
        datetime,
        timezone,
        date_str
      )
    else
      build_quote(symbol, base_price, native_currency, datetime, timezone)
    end
  end

  # Apply currency conversion to quote
  defp apply_currency_conversion(
         symbol,
         base_price,
         native_currency,
         target_currency,
         datetime,
         timezone,
         date_str
       ) do
    Process.sleep(@rate_limit_delay_ms)

    case get_conversion_rate(native_currency, target_currency, date_str) do
      nil ->
        {:error, :conversion_failed}

      rate ->
        converted_price = base_price * rate
        build_quote(symbol, converted_price, target_currency, datetime, timezone)
    end
  end

  # Build final quote structure
  @spec build_quote(String.t(), float(), String.t(), DateTime.t(), String.t() | nil) ::
          {:ok, Quote.t()}
  defp build_quote(symbol, price, currency, datetime, timezone) do
    quote = %Quote{
      price: price,
      currency: currency,
      symbol: symbol,
      datetime: datetime,
      market_timezone: timezone
    }

    {:ok, quote}
  end

  # Gets base price, native currency, and temporal data for a symbol
  defp get_base_price_and_currency_with_time(symbol, date_str) do
    # Special case: USD is always worth 1 USD
    if symbol == "USD" do
      datetime =
        if date_str do
          # Historical: use date at midnight UTC
          {:ok, date} = Date.from_iso8601(date_str)
          DateTime.new!(date, ~T[00:00:00], "Etc/UTC")
        else
          # Current: use current time
          DateTime.utc_now()
        end

      {1.0, "USD", datetime, nil}
    else
      # Use ticker as is, fetch with temporal metadata
      case get_price_with_time(ticker: symbol, date: date_str) do
        {price, currency, datetime, timezone} when price != nil ->
          {price, currency, datetime, timezone}

        _ ->
          {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
      end
    end
  end

  # Gets conversion rate between two currencies
  @spec get_conversion_rate(String.t(), String.t(), String.t() | nil) :: float() | nil
  defp get_conversion_rate(from_currency, to_currency, date_str) do
    cond do
      from_currency == to_currency ->
        1.0

      from_currency == "USD" ->
        # USD to other currency
        get_price(ticker: "USD/#{to_currency}", date: date_str)

      to_currency == "USD" ->
        # Other currency to USD (inverse)
        case get_price(ticker: "#{from_currency}/USD", date: date_str) do
          nil -> nil
          rate -> rate
        end

      true ->
        # Conversion via USD
        case get_price(ticker: "#{from_currency}/USD", date: date_str) do
          nil ->
            nil

          from_to_usd ->
            case get_price(ticker: "USD/#{to_currency}", date: date_str) do
              nil -> nil
              usd_to_target -> from_to_usd * usd_to_target
            end
        end
    end
  end

  # Gets current price with full temporal metadata
  defp get_current_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker) do
    url = "#{@yahoo_finance_base_url}/#{yahoo_ticker}"
    req_options = build_request_options_for_ticker(yahoo_ticker)

    case Req.get(url, req_options) do
      {:ok, %{status: 404}} ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:ok, %{status: 200, body: body}} ->
        parse_current_price_response(body)

      {:ok, %{status: 500}} ->
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      {:ok, %{status: status}} when status >= 400 ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      _ ->
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
    end
  end

  # Build request options based on ticker type
  defp build_request_options_for_ticker(yahoo_ticker) do
    base_params = %{interval: "1d", range: "1d"}

    if String.ends_with?(yahoo_ticker, "=X") do
      [
        params: base_params,
        max_retries: @forex_retry_count,
        retry_delay: fn n -> n * @forex_retry_delay_base_ms end
      ]
    else
      [params: base_params]
    end
  end

  # Parse successful response from Yahoo Finance current price API
  defp parse_current_price_response(body) do
    error = get_in(body, ["chart", "error"])
    result = get_in(body, ["chart", "result", Access.at(0)])

    cond do
      error != nil -> {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}
      result == nil -> {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}
      get_in(result, ["meta", "symbol"]) == nil -> {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}
      true -> extract_price_data_from_result(result)
    end
  end

  # Extract price and temporal data from Yahoo Finance result
  defp extract_price_data_from_result(result) do
    meta = get_in(result, ["meta"])
    price = get_current_price_from_meta(meta, result)

    if price do
      currency = meta["currency"] || "USD"
      market_time = extract_market_time(meta)
      timezone = meta["exchangeTimezoneName"]
      {price, currency, market_time, timezone}
    else
      {:no_data, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
    end
  end

  # Get current price from metadata with fallback to closing price
  defp get_current_price_from_meta(meta, result) do
    case meta["regularMarketPrice"] do
      nil -> get_in(result, ["indicators", "quote", Access.at(0), "close", Access.at(-1)])
      price -> price
    end
  end

  # Extract market time from metadata
  defp extract_market_time(meta) do
    case meta["regularMarketTime"] do
      nil -> DateTime.utc_now()
      timestamp when is_integer(timestamp) -> DateTime.from_unix!(timestamp)
      _ -> DateTime.utc_now()
    end
  end

  # Build request options for historical data
  defp build_historical_request_options(yahoo_ticker, start_timestamp, end_timestamp) do
    base_params = %{period1: start_timestamp, period2: end_timestamp, interval: "1d"}

    if String.ends_with?(yahoo_ticker, "=X") do
      [
        params: base_params,
        max_retries: @forex_retry_count,
        retry_delay: fn n -> n * @forex_retry_delay_base_ms end
      ]
    else
      [params: base_params]
    end
  end

  # Legacy function for conversion rates
  defp get_current_price_with_meta(yahoo_ticker, with_currency) do
    case get_current_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker) do
      {price, currency, _datetime, _timezone} when is_number(price) ->
        if with_currency, do: {price, currency}, else: price

      _ ->
        nil
    end
  end

  # Gets historical price with temporal metadata
  defp get_historical_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, date_str) do
    case Date.from_iso8601(date_str) do
      {:ok, target_date} ->
        # Try different dates in case of weekends/holidays
        Enum.find_value(get_fallback_dates(target_date), fn test_date ->
          fetch_historical_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, test_date)
        end) || fetch_price_range_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, target_date)

      {:error, _} ->
        # Invalid date, return nil
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
    end
  end

  # Legacy function for conversion rates
  defp get_historical_price_with_meta(yahoo_ticker, date_str, with_currency) do
    case get_historical_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, date_str) do
      {price, currency, _datetime, _timezone} when price != nil ->
        if with_currency, do: {price, currency}, else: price

      _ ->
        nil
    end
  end

  # Fetches historical price with temporal metadata for specific date
  defp fetch_historical_price_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, date) do
    start_timestamp = date |> DateTime.new!(~T[00:00:00]) |> DateTime.to_unix()
    end_timestamp = date |> Date.add(1) |> DateTime.new!(~T[00:00:00]) |> DateTime.to_unix()

    url = "#{@yahoo_finance_base_url}/#{yahoo_ticker}"

    req_options = build_historical_request_options(yahoo_ticker, start_timestamp, end_timestamp)

    case Req.get(url, req_options) do
      {:ok, %{status: 404}} ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:ok, %{status: 200, body: body}} ->
        error = get_in(body, ["chart", "error"])
        result = get_in(body, ["chart", "result", Access.at(0)])

        cond do
          # Yahoo returned explicit error
          error != nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # No result at all
          result == nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # No essential metadata (likely invalid ticker like "APPL")
          get_in(result, ["meta", "symbol"]) == nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # Valid ticker, try to get price
          true ->
            price = get_in(result, ["indicators", "quote", Access.at(0), "close", Access.at(0)])

            case price do
              price when is_number(price) ->
                currency = get_in(result, ["meta", "currency"]) || "USD"
                timezone = get_in(result, ["meta", "exchangeTimezoneName"])

                # Historical prices are at market close, use end of day
                datetime = DateTime.new!(date, ~T[23:59:59], "Etc/UTC")

                {price, currency, datetime, timezone}

              _ ->
                # Valid symbol but no data for this date
                {:no_data, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
            end
        end

      {:ok, %{status: 500}} ->
        # Server error - likely temporary issue
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      {:ok, %{status: status}} when status >= 400 ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        # Network or other error
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      _ ->
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
    end
  end

  # Fetches price range with temporal metadata (fallback for weekends)
  defp fetch_price_range_with_time_meta(yahoo_ticker, target_date) do
    start_date = Date.add(target_date, -7)
    end_date = Date.add(target_date, 1)

    start_timestamp = start_date |> DateTime.new!(~T[00:00:00]) |> DateTime.to_unix()
    end_timestamp = end_date |> DateTime.new!(~T[00:00:00]) |> DateTime.to_unix()

    url = "#{@yahoo_finance_base_url}/#{yahoo_ticker}"

    req_options = build_historical_request_options(yahoo_ticker, start_timestamp, end_timestamp)

    case Req.get(url, req_options) do
      {:ok, %{status: 404}} ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:ok, %{status: 200, body: body}} ->
        error = get_in(body, ["chart", "error"])
        result = get_in(body, ["chart", "result", Access.at(0)])

        cond do
          # Yahoo returned explicit error
          error != nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # No result at all
          result == nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # No essential metadata (likely invalid ticker like "APPL")
          get_in(result, ["meta", "symbol"]) == nil ->
            {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

          # Valid ticker, try to get price
          true ->
            prices = get_in(result, ["indicators", "quote", Access.at(0), "close"])

            case prices do
              prices when is_list(prices) ->
                # Take the last non-nil price
                price =
                  prices
                  |> Enum.reverse()
                  |> Enum.find(& &1)

                if price do
                  currency = get_in(result, ["meta", "currency"]) || "USD"
                  timezone = get_in(result, ["meta", "exchangeTimezoneName"])

                  # Use target date at market close
                  datetime = DateTime.new!(target_date, ~T[23:59:59], "Etc/UTC")

                  {price, currency, datetime, timezone}
                else
                  {:no_data, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
                end

              _ ->
                {:no_data, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
            end
        end

      {:ok, %{status: 500}} ->
        # Server error - likely temporary issue
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      {:ok, %{status: status}} when status >= 400 ->
        {:invalid_symbol, nil, nil, nil}

      {:error, _reason} ->
        # Network or other error
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}

      _ ->
        {nil, "USD", DateTime.utc_now(), nil}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Fetches asset price (bang version, raises exception on error)

  Same parameters as get_quote/2 but returns the Quote directly or raises an exception.

  ## Examples

      # Success case
      iex> quote = YfQuote.get_quote!("BTC-USD")
      iex> is_struct(quote, YfQuote.Quote)
      true

      # Error case (raises exception)
      YfQuote.get_quote!("INVALID_TICKER")
      # ** (RuntimeError) Failed to get quote: invalid_symbol
  """
  @spec get_quote!(String.t(), keyword()) :: Quote.t()
  def get_quote!(symbol, opts \\ []) do
    case get_quote(symbol, opts) do
      {:ok, quote} -> quote
      {:error, reason} -> raise "Failed to get quote: #{reason}"
    end
  end
end