jwt_lite

defmodule JwtLite do
  @moduledoc """
  Lightweight JWT decoder for Elixir. Decodes and inspects JWTs without
  performing signature verification. Useful for inspecting token claims
  in development, logging, and debugging.

  ## Usage

      iex> token = "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiaWF0IjoxNTE2MjM5MDIyfQ.SflKxwRJSMeKKF2QT4fwpMeJf36POk6yJV_adQssw5c"
      iex> {:ok, %{header: h, payload: p}} = JwtLite.decode(token)
      iex> h["alg"]
      "HS256"
      iex> p["name"]
      "John Doe"

  ## Tip Jar
  If this library saves you time, tips are welcome:
  ETH/Polygon/Base: `0x7463903430D5294DcfBa09Abb9B8B30A42BdFe36`
  """

  @doc """
  Decodes a JWT string into its constituent parts.

  Returns `{:ok, %{header: map, payload: map, signature: binary}}` on success,
  or `{:error, reason}` if the token is malformed.

  ## Options

    * `:validate_exp` - When `true`, returns `{:error, :expired}` if the `exp`
      claim is in the past. Defaults to `false`.

  ## Examples

      iex> JwtLite.decode("eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIn0.abc")
      {:ok, %{header: %{"alg" => "HS256", "typ" => "JWT"}, payload: %{"sub" => "1234567890"}, signature: "abc"}}

  """
  @spec decode(String.t(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, atom()}
  def decode(token, opts \\\\ []) when is_binary(token) do
    case String.split(token, ".") do
      [header_enc, payload_enc, signature] ->
        with {:ok, header} <- decode_part(header_enc),
             {:ok, payload} <- decode_part(payload_enc) do
          result = %{header: header, payload: payload, signature: signature}
          if Keyword.get(opts, :validate_exp, false) do
            validate_expiry(result)
          else
            {:ok, result}
          end
        end
      _ ->
        {:error, :invalid_format}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Like `decode/2` but raises on error.
  """
  @spec decode!(String.t(), keyword()) :: map()
  def decode!(token, opts \\\\ []) do
    case decode(token, opts) do
      {:ok, result} -> result
      {:error, reason} -> raise ArgumentError, "Failed to decode JWT: #{reason}"
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Returns `true` if the token is expired (has an `exp` claim in the past).
  Returns `false` if valid or if there is no `exp` claim.
  """
  @spec expired?(String.t()) :: boolean()
  def expired?(token) when is_binary(token) do
    case decode(token, validate_exp: true) do
      {:error, :expired} -> true
      _ -> false
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Returns the remaining seconds until the token expires, or `nil` if no `exp` claim.
  Returns a negative number if already expired.
  """
  @spec ttl(String.t()) :: integer() | nil
  def ttl(token) when is_binary(token) do
    case decode(token) do
      {:ok, %{payload: %{"exp" => exp}}} ->
        exp - System.system_time(:second)
      _ ->
        nil
    end
  end

  # Private

  defp decode_part(encoded) do
    padded = pad_base64(encoded)
    case Base.decode64(padded, padding: true) do
      {:ok, json} ->
        case Jason.decode(json) do
          {:ok, map} -> {:ok, map}
          _ ->
            # Try without Jason (manual JSON would be needed, fallback to raw)
            {:ok, %{"_raw" => json}}
        end
      :error ->
        {:error, :invalid_base64}
    end
  rescue
    _ -> {:error, :decode_failed}
  end

  defp pad_base64(str) do
    str = String.replace(str, "-", "+") |> String.replace("_", "/")
    case rem(String.length(str), 4) do
      0 -> str
      2 -> str <> "=="
      3 -> str <> "="
      _ -> str
    end
  end

  defp validate_expiry({:ok, %{payload: payload} = result}) do
    now = System.system_time(:second)
    case Map.get(payload, "exp") do
      nil -> {:ok, result}
      exp when is_integer(exp) and exp < now -> {:error, :expired}
      _ -> {:ok, result}
    end
  end
  defp validate_expiry(error), do: error
end