firebird

defmodule Mix.Tasks.Firebird.Target.Compile do
  @moduledoc """
  Compile Elixir project to WebAssembly via the Firebird WASM target.

  This is the primary entry point for compiling Elixir modules to WASM.
  It integrates with Mix's compilation pipeline and supports incremental
  builds, parallel compilation, and detailed diagnostics.

  ## Usage

      # Compile all @wasm annotated modules
      mix firebird.target.compile

      # Compile specific files
      mix firebird.target.compile --files lib/math.ex,lib/crypto.ex

      # Compile with optimizations
      mix firebird.target.compile --optimize --tco

      # Compile with LICM (loop-invariant code motion, requires --optimize --tco)
      mix firebird.target.compile --optimize --tco --licm

      # WAT only (no binary)
      mix firebird.target.compile --wat-only

      # Force full recompilation
      mix firebird.target.compile --force

      # Show diagnostics
      mix firebird.target.compile --diagnostics

      # Emit compilation manifest
      mix firebird.target.compile --manifest

  ## MIX_TARGET Integration

  Set `MIX_TARGET=wasm` to automatically trigger WASM compilation:

      MIX_TARGET=wasm mix compile

  ## Configuration

  In `mix.exs`:

      def project do
        [
          firebird: [
            wasm_output: "_build/wasm",
            wasm_sources: ["lib/wasm_modules"],
            optimize: true,
            tco: true
          ]
        ]
      end

  ## Compilation Diagnostics

  With `--diagnostics`, the compiler reports:

  - Unsupported language features found in source files
  - Type inference warnings
  - Optimization opportunities
  - Binary size analysis

  ## Exit Codes

  - 0: All modules compiled successfully
  - 1: One or more modules failed to compile
  """

  use Mix.Task

  @shortdoc "Compile Elixir modules to WebAssembly"

  @switches [
    output: :string,
    files: :string,
    dirs: :string,
    wat_only: :boolean,
    verbose: :boolean,
    verify: :boolean,
    force: :boolean,
    optimize: :boolean,
    tco: :boolean,
    inline: :boolean,
    cse: :boolean,
    licm: :boolean,
    diagnostics: :boolean,
    manifest: :boolean,
    parallel: :boolean,
    json: :boolean,
    quiet: :boolean
  ]

  @aliases [
    o: :output,
    f: :files,
    d: :dirs,
    v: :verbose,
    q: :quiet
  ]

  @impl Mix.Task
  def run(args) do
    {opts, _rest, _invalid} = OptionParser.parse(args, switches: @switches, aliases: @aliases)

    config = build_config(opts)
    quiet = Keyword.get(opts, :quiet, false)
    show_diagnostics = Keyword.get(opts, :diagnostics, false)
    emit_manifest = Keyword.get(opts, :manifest, false)
    json_output = Keyword.get(opts, :json, false)

    unless quiet do
      Mix.shell().info("🔥 Firebird WASM Target Compiler")
      Mix.shell().info("")
    end

    # Validate prerequisites
    case validate_environment(config) do
      :ok -> :ok
      {:error, message} -> Mix.raise(message)
    end

    # Discover sources
    sources = Firebird.Target.discover_sources(config)

    if Enum.empty?(sources) do
      unless quiet do
        Mix.shell().info("   No compilable sources found.")
        Mix.shell().info("   Add @wasm true annotations to your modules.")
      end

      :ok
    else
      # Build compiler opts fingerprint for content-hash staleness detection
      compiler_opts = [
        optimize: config.optimize,
        tco: config.tco,
        inline: config.inline,
        cse: Map.get(config, :cse, false),
        licm: Map.get(config, :licm, false),
        wat_only: config.wat_only
      ]

      # Filter stale sources unless --force
      sources_to_compile =
        if config.force do
          sources
        else
          filter_stale_sources(sources, config.output_dir, compiler_opts)
        end

      if Enum.empty?(sources_to_compile) do
        unless quiet do
          Mix.shell().info(
            "   All #{length(sources)} file(s) up to date. Use --force to recompile."
          )
        end

        :ok
      else
        # Run diagnostics pre-flight if requested
        if show_diagnostics do
          run_diagnostics(sources_to_compile)
        end

        # Compile (parallel or sequential)
        parallel = Keyword.get(opts, :parallel, false)
        start = System.monotonic_time(:millisecond)

        results =
          if parallel do
            compile_parallel(sources_to_compile, config, quiet)
          else
            compile_all(sources_to_compile, config, quiet)
          end

        elapsed = System.monotonic_time(:millisecond) - start

        successes = Enum.filter(results, &match?({:ok, _}, &1))
        failures = Enum.filter(results, &match?({:error, _}, &1))

        # Emit manifest if requested
        if emit_manifest do
          write_compilation_manifest(successes, config, elapsed)
        end

        # Report results
        if json_output do
          report_json(successes, failures, elapsed)
        else
          unless quiet do
            report_results(successes, failures, elapsed, sources, sources_to_compile)
          end
        end

        # Persist content hashes for successfully compiled sources
        # so the next build can use accurate content-based staleness detection
        if Enum.any?(successes) do
          compiled_sources =
            Enum.map(successes, fn {:ok, r} -> Map.get(r, :source_file) end)
            |> Enum.filter(&is_binary/1)

          if Enum.any?(compiled_sources) do
            update_content_hashes(compiled_sources, compiler_opts: compiler_opts)
          end
        end

        if Enum.any?(failures) do
          exit({:shutdown, 1})
        end

        :ok
      end
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Build a Target.Config from CLI options merged with project config.
  """
  @spec build_config(keyword()) :: Firebird.Target.Config.t()
  def build_config(opts) do
    base = Firebird.Target.Config.from_mix_project()

    overrides =
      opts
      |> Keyword.take([
        :optimize,
        :tco,
        :inline,
        :cse,
        :licm,
        :wat_only,
        :verify,
        :verbose,
        :force
      ])
      |> Keyword.merge(
        case Keyword.get(opts, :output) do
          nil -> []
          out -> [output_dir: out]
        end
      )
      |> Keyword.merge(
        case Keyword.get(opts, :dirs) do
          nil -> []
          dirs -> [sources: String.split(dirs, ",", trim: true)]
        end
      )
      |> Keyword.merge(
        case Keyword.get(opts, :files) do
          nil -> []
          files -> [files: String.split(files, ",", trim: true), sources: []]
        end
      )

    Firebird.Target.Config.merge(base, overrides)
  end

  @doc """
  Validate that the compilation environment is properly set up.
  """
  @spec validate_environment(Firebird.Target.Config.t()) :: :ok | {:error, String.t()}
  def validate_environment(config) do
    cond do
      not config.wat_only and not Firebird.Compiler.wat2wasm_available?() ->
        {:error,
         """
         wat2wasm not found! Install the WebAssembly Binary Toolkit (wabt):

           # macOS
           brew install wabt

           # Ubuntu/Debian
           apt-get install wabt

           # Or use --wat-only to generate WAT text only
         """}

      true ->
        :ok
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Filter sources to only those that are stale (content changed since last compile).

  Uses content hashing for accurate change detection - touching a file
  without changing its content won't trigger recompilation.
  Falls back to mtime-based detection if hash manifest is unavailable.
  """
  @spec filter_stale_sources([String.t()], String.t()) :: [String.t()]
  def filter_stale_sources(sources, output_dir) do
    filter_stale_sources(sources, output_dir, [])
  end

  @doc """
  Filter sources with compiler options awareness.

  Uses content hashing (SHA-256 of file contents + compiler options) as the
  primary staleness check. Falls back to mtime-based detection when the
  content hash manifest doesn't exist yet (first build).

  This means:
  - Touching a file without changing content does NOT trigger recompilation
  - Changing compiler flags (e.g. --optimize, --tco) DOES trigger recompilation
  - First build uses mtime, subsequent builds use content hashes
  """
  @spec filter_stale_sources([String.t()], String.t(), keyword()) :: [String.t()]
  def filter_stale_sources(sources, output_dir, compiler_opts) do
    alias Firebird.Target.ContentHash

    hash_manifest_path = ContentHash.manifest_path()

    case ContentHash.read_manifest(hash_manifest_path) do
      {:ok, cached} when map_size(cached) > 0 ->
        # Content hash manifest exists — use accurate content-based detection
        ContentHash.filter_stale(sources, cached, compiler_opts)

      _ ->
        # No manifest yet (first build) — fall back to mtime
        filter_stale_by_mtime(sources, output_dir)
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Filter sources using content hashing for more accurate change detection.

  Unlike mtime-based checking, this detects actual content changes,
  so touching a file without changing it won't trigger recompilation.

  ## Options

  - `:hash_manifest` - Path to read/write hash manifest (default: auto)
  - `:compiler_opts` - Compiler options to include in hash (default: [])
  """
  @spec filter_stale_by_content([String.t()], keyword()) :: [String.t()]
  def filter_stale_by_content(sources, opts \\ []) do
    alias Firebird.Target.ContentHash

    hash_manifest_path = Keyword.get(opts, :hash_manifest, ContentHash.manifest_path())
    compiler_opts = Keyword.get(opts, :compiler_opts, [])

    cached =
      case ContentHash.read_manifest(hash_manifest_path) do
        {:ok, m} -> m
        _ -> %{}
      end

    ContentHash.filter_stale(sources, cached, compiler_opts)
  end

  @doc """
  Update the content hash manifest after successful compilation.
  """
  @spec update_content_hashes([String.t()], keyword()) :: :ok
  def update_content_hashes(sources, opts \\ []) do
    alias Firebird.Target.ContentHash

    hash_manifest_path = Keyword.get(opts, :hash_manifest, ContentHash.manifest_path())
    compiler_opts = Keyword.get(opts, :compiler_opts, [])

    new_hashes = ContentHash.build_manifest(sources, compiler_opts)

    existing =
      case ContentHash.read_manifest(hash_manifest_path) do
        {:ok, m} -> m
        _ -> %{}
      end

    merged = Map.merge(existing, new_hashes)
    ContentHash.write_manifest(hash_manifest_path, merged)
    :ok
  rescue
    _ -> :ok
  end

  defp filter_stale_by_mtime(sources, output_dir) do
    all_outputs = Path.wildcard(Path.join(output_dir, "*.{wat,wasm}"))

    Enum.filter(sources, fn source ->
      source_mtime = get_mtime(source)
      basename = Path.basename(source, Path.extname(source)) |> String.downcase()

      output_files =
        Enum.filter(all_outputs, fn f ->
          output_base = Path.basename(f) |> String.downcase()
          String.contains?(output_base, basename)
        end)

      if Enum.empty?(output_files) do
        true
      else
        Enum.all?(output_files, fn output ->
          output_mtime = get_mtime(output)
          source_mtime > output_mtime
        end)
      end
    end)
  end

  @doc """
  Run pre-compilation diagnostics on source files.
  """
  @spec run_diagnostics([String.t()]) :: :ok
  def run_diagnostics(sources) do
    Mix.shell().info("📋 Pre-compilation Diagnostics")
    Mix.shell().info("")

    Enum.each(sources, fn source ->
      case File.read(source) do
        {:ok, code} ->
          diagnostics = analyze_for_diagnostics(code, source)
          print_diagnostics(source, diagnostics)

        {:error, _} ->
          Mix.shell().error("   ❌ Cannot read #{source}")
      end
    end)

    Mix.shell().info("")
  end

  # Private

  defp compile_all(sources, config, quiet) do
    File.mkdir_p!(config.output_dir)

    compiler_opts = [
      output_dir: config.output_dir,
      optimize: config.optimize,
      tco: config.tco,
      inline: config.inline,
      cse: Map.get(config, :cse, false),
      licm: Map.get(config, :licm, false),
      wat_only: config.wat_only,
      source_map: config.source_map
    ]

    results =
      Enum.map(sources, fn source ->
        unless quiet do
          Mix.shell().info("  📄 #{Path.relative_to_cwd(source)}")
        end

        case Firebird.Compiler.compile(source, compiler_opts) do
          {:ok, result} ->
            result = Map.put(result, :source_file, source)

            unless quiet do
              Mix.shell().info("     ✅ #{result.module}")

              if config.verbose do
                Mix.shell().info("        WAT: #{byte_size(result.wat)} bytes")

                if result.wasm,
                  do: Mix.shell().info("        WASM: #{byte_size(result.wasm)} bytes")
              end
            end

            if config.verify and result.wasm do
              verify_module(result, quiet)
            end

            {:ok, result}

          {:error, reason} ->
            unless quiet do
              Mix.shell().error("     ❌ #{format_error(reason)}")
            end

            {:error, {source, reason}}
        end
      end)

    results
  end

  defp compile_parallel(sources, config, quiet) do
    File.mkdir_p!(config.output_dir)

    unless quiet do
      Mix.shell().info("  ⚡ Parallel compilation (#{System.schedulers_online()} workers)")
    end

    case Firebird.Target.Parallel.compile(sources, config) do
      {:ok, results} ->
        unless quiet do
          Enum.each(results, fn r ->
            Mix.shell().info("     ✅ #{r.module}")
          end)
        end

        Enum.map(results, fn r -> {:ok, r} end)

      {:error, {:partial_failure, details}} ->
        successes = Keyword.get(details, :successes, [])
        failures = Keyword.get(details, :failures, [])

        unless quiet do
          Enum.each(successes, fn r ->
            Mix.shell().info("     ✅ #{r.module}")
          end)

          Enum.each(failures, fn {:error, {source, reason}} ->
            Mix.shell().error("     ❌ #{Path.basename(source)}: #{inspect(reason)}")
          end)
        end

        Enum.map(successes, fn r -> {:ok, r} end) ++ failures

      {:error, reason} ->
        unless quiet do
          Mix.shell().error("     ❌ Parallel compilation failed: #{inspect(reason)}")
        end

        [{:error, reason}]
    end
  end

  defp verify_module(result, quiet) do
    case Firebird.load(result.wasm) do
      {:ok, instance} ->
        exports = Firebird.exports(instance)

        unless quiet do
          Mix.shell().info("        🔍 Verified: #{length(exports)} export(s)")
        end

        Firebird.stop(instance)

      {:error, reason} ->
        unless quiet do
          Mix.shell().error("        ⚠ Verification failed: #{inspect(reason)}")
        end
    end
  end

  defp report_results(successes, failures, elapsed, all_sources, compiled_sources) do
    cached = length(all_sources) - length(compiled_sources)

    Mix.shell().info("")
    Mix.shell().info("📊 Compilation Summary")
    Mix.shell().info("   ✅ Compiled: #{length(successes)}")

    if cached > 0 do
      Mix.shell().info("   📦 Cached:   #{cached}")
    end

    if Enum.any?(failures) do
      Mix.shell().info("   ❌ Failed:   #{length(failures)}")
    end

    total_wat =
      successes
      |> Enum.map(fn {:ok, r} -> byte_size(r.wat) end)
      |> Enum.sum()

    total_wasm =
      successes
      |> Enum.filter(fn {:ok, r} -> r.wasm != nil end)
      |> Enum.map(fn {:ok, r} -> byte_size(r.wasm) end)
      |> Enum.sum()

    Mix.shell().info("   📏 Total WAT: #{format_bytes(total_wat)}")

    if total_wasm > 0 do
      Mix.shell().info("   📦 Total WASM: #{format_bytes(total_wasm)}")
    end

    Mix.shell().info("   ⏱  Time: #{elapsed}ms")
    Mix.shell().info("")

    # Print failure details
    Enum.each(failures, fn {:error, {source, reason}} ->
      Mix.shell().error("   Failed: #{source}")
      Mix.shell().error("     #{format_error(reason)}")
    end)
  end

  defp report_json(successes, failures, elapsed) do
    data = %{
      timestamp: DateTime.utc_now() |> DateTime.to_iso8601(),
      elapsed_ms: elapsed,
      compiled: length(successes),
      failed: length(failures),
      modules:
        Enum.map(successes, fn {:ok, r} ->
          %{
            module: to_string(r.module),
            wat_size: byte_size(r.wat),
            wasm_size: if(r.wasm, do: byte_size(r.wasm), else: nil),
            source: Map.get(r, :source_file)
          }
        end),
      errors:
        Enum.map(failures, fn {:error, {source, reason}} ->
          %{source: source, error: inspect(reason)}
        end)
    }

    Mix.shell().info(Jason.encode!(data, pretty: true))
  end

  defp write_compilation_manifest(successes, config, elapsed) do
    manifest = %{
      version: 1,
      timestamp: DateTime.utc_now() |> DateTime.to_iso8601(),
      elapsed_ms: elapsed,
      output_dir: config.output_dir,
      options: %{
        optimize: config.optimize,
        tco: config.tco,
        inline: config.inline,
        wat_only: config.wat_only
      },
      modules:
        Enum.map(successes, fn {:ok, r} ->
          base = Atom.to_string(r.module) |> String.replace(".", "_")

          %{
            module: to_string(r.module),
            wat_file: "#{base}.wat",
            wasm_file: if(r.wasm, do: "#{base}.wasm"),
            wat_size: byte_size(r.wat),
            wasm_size: if(r.wasm, do: byte_size(r.wasm), else: 0),
            source: Map.get(r, :source_file)
          }
        end)
    }

    manifest_path = Path.join(config.output_dir, "firebird_manifest.json")
    File.mkdir_p!(config.output_dir)
    File.write!(manifest_path, Jason.encode!(manifest, pretty: true))

    Mix.shell().info("   📋 Manifest: #{manifest_path}")
  end

  defp analyze_for_diagnostics(code, source) do
    diagnostics = %{
      warnings: [],
      info: [],
      source: source
    }

    # Check for unsupported features
    diagnostics =
      if String.contains?(code, "spawn") or String.contains?(code, "send") do
        update_in(
          diagnostics.warnings,
          &["Process operations (spawn/send) not supported in WASM" | &1]
        )
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    diagnostics =
      if String.contains?(code, "IO.") or String.contains?(code, ":io.") do
        update_in(diagnostics.warnings, &["IO operations not available in WASM" | &1])
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    diagnostics =
      if String.contains?(code, "GenServer") or String.contains?(code, "Agent") do
        update_in(diagnostics.warnings, &["OTP behaviors not supported in WASM target" | &1])
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    diagnostics =
      if Regex.match?(~r/\[.*\|.*\]/, code) or String.contains?(code, "Enum.") do
        update_in(
          diagnostics.warnings,
          &["List operations not supported - only numeric types available" | &1]
        )
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    diagnostics =
      if String.contains?(code, "%{") or String.contains?(code, "Map.") do
        update_in(diagnostics.warnings, &["Map operations not supported in WASM target" | &1])
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    diagnostics =
      if String.contains?(code, "String.") do
        update_in(diagnostics.warnings, &["String operations not supported in WASM target" | &1])
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    # Check for optimization opportunities
    diagnostics =
      if Regex.match?(~r/def \w+\(.*\).*\w+\(.*\)\s*\+/, code) do
        update_in(diagnostics.info, &["Consider --tco flag for tail-recursive functions" | &1])
      else
        diagnostics
      end

    # Count functions
    func_count = Regex.scan(~r/@wasm true/, code) |> length()

    diagnostics =
      if func_count > 0 do
        update_in(diagnostics.info, &["#{func_count} @wasm annotated function(s)" | &1])
      else
        update_in(
          diagnostics.info,
          &["No @wasm annotations - all public functions will be compiled" | &1]
        )
      end

    diagnostics
  end

  defp print_diagnostics(source, diagnostics) do
    basename = Path.relative_to_cwd(source)
    Mix.shell().info("  📄 #{basename}")

    Enum.each(diagnostics.info, fn msg ->
      Mix.shell().info("     ℹ️  #{msg}")
    end)

    Enum.each(diagnostics.warnings, fn msg ->
      Mix.shell().info("     ⚠️  #{msg}")
    end)

    Mix.shell().info("")
  end

  defp get_mtime(path) do
    case File.stat(path) do
      {:ok, %{mtime: mtime}} ->
        :calendar.datetime_to_gregorian_seconds(mtime)

      _ ->
        0
    end
  end

  defp format_bytes(bytes) when bytes < 1024, do: "#{bytes} B"
  defp format_bytes(bytes) when bytes < 1_048_576, do: "#{Float.round(bytes / 1024, 1)} KB"
  defp format_bytes(bytes), do: "#{Float.round(bytes / 1_048_576, 1)} MB"

  defp format_error({:parse_error, {line, col}, msg, token}) do
    "Parse error at #{line}:#{col}: #{msg}#{token}"
  end

  defp format_error({:validation_errors, errors}) do
    details = Enum.map(errors, fn {func, errs} -> "  #{func}: #{Enum.join(errs, ", ")}" end)
    "Validation errors:\n#{Enum.join(details, "\n")}"
  end

  defp format_error({:wat2wasm_error, output}), do: "wat2wasm: #{output}"
  defp format_error({:file_error, reason, path}), do: "Cannot read #{path}: #{reason}"
  defp format_error(other), do: inspect(other)
end