exosql

require Logger

defmodule ExoSQL.Builtins do
  @moduledoc """
  Builtin functions.

  There are two categories, normal functions and aggregate functions. Aggregate
  functions receive as first parameter a ExoSQL.Result with a full table,
  and the rest of parameters are the function calling parameters, unsolved.

  These expressions must be first simplified with
  `ExoSQL.executor.simplify_expr_columns` and then executed on the rows with
  `ExoSQL.Expr.run_expr`.
  """
  import ExoSQL.Utils, only: [to_number: 1, to_float: 1]

  @functions %{
    "round" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :round},
    "concat" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :concat},
    "not" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :not_},
    "if" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :if_},
    "bool" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :bool},
    "lower" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :lower},
    "upper" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :upper},
    "to_string" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :to_string},
    "to_datetime" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :to_datetime},
    "to_timestamp" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :to_timestamp},
    "substr" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :substr},
    "now" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :now},
    "strftime" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :strftime},
    "format" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :format},
    "width_bucket" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :width_bucket},
    "generate_series" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :generate_series},
    "urlparse" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :urlparse},
    "jp" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :jp},

    ## Aggregates
    "count" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :count},
    "sum" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :sum},
    "avg" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :avg},
    "max" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :max_},
    "min" => {ExoSQL.Builtins, :min_},
  }
  def call_function(name, args) do
    case @functions[name] do
      nil ->
      raise BadFunctionError, {:builtin, name}
    {mod, fun} ->
      apply(mod, fun, args)
    end
  end

  def round(n, r) do
    {:ok, n} = to_float(n)
    {:ok, r} = to_number(r)

    Float.round(n, r)
  end

  def concat(a, b) do
    a = to_string(a)
    b = to_string(b)

    a <> b
  end

  def not_(a) do
    not bool(a)
  end

  def if_(cond_, then_, else_ \\ nil) do
    if cond_ do
      then_
    else
      else_
    end
  end

  def bool(nil), do: false
  def bool(0), do: false
  def bool(""), do: false
  def bool(false), do: false
  def bool(_), do: true

  def lower(s), do: String.downcase(s)
  def upper(s), do: String.upcase(s)

  def to_string_(%DateTime{} = d), do: DateTime.to_iso8601(d)
  def to_string_(s), do: to_string(s)

  def now(), do: DateTime.utc_now()
  def to_datetime(other), do: ExoSQL.DateTime.to_datetime(other)
  def to_timestamp(%DateTime{} = d), do: DateTime.to_unix(d)

  def substr(nil, _skip, _len) do
    ""
  end
  def substr(str, skip, len) do
    str = to_string_(str) # force string

    {:ok, skip} = to_number(skip)
    {:ok, len} = to_number(len)
    if len < 0 do
      String.slice(str, skip, max(0, String.length(str) + len - skip))
    else
      String.slice(str, skip, len)
    end
  end
  def substr(str, skip) do
    substr(str, skip, 10_000) # A upper limit on what to return, should be enought
  end

  @doc ~S"""
  Convert datetime to string.

  If no format is given, it is as to_string, which returns the ISO 8601.
  Format allows all substitutions from
  [Timex.format](https://hexdocs.pm/timex/Timex.Format.DateTime.Formatters.Strftime.html),
  for example:

  %d day of month: 00
  %H hour: 00-24
  %m month: 01-12
  %M minute: 00-59
  %s seconds since 1970-01-01
  %S seconds: 00-59
  %Y year: 0000-9999
  %i ISO 8601 format
  %V Week number
  %% %
  """
  def strftime(%DateTime{} = d), do: to_string_(d)
  def strftime(%DateTime{} = d, format), do: ExoSQL.DateTime.strftime(d, format)
  def strftime(other, format), do: strftime(to_datetime(other), format)

  @doc ~S"""
  sprintf style formatting. Uses exprintf.
  """
  def format(str, args) when is_list(args) do
    ExoSQL.Format.format(str, args)
  end

  @doc ~S"""
  Very simple sprintf formatter. Knows this formats:

  * %%
  * %s
  * %d
  * %f (only two decimals)
  * %.{ndec}f
  """
  def format(str, arg1), do: format(str, [arg1])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8])
  def format(str, arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8, arg9), do: format(str, [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4, arg5, arg6, arg7, arg8, arg9])



  @doc ~S"""
  Returns to which bucket it belongs.

  Only numbers, but datetimes can be transformed to unix datetime.
  """
  def width_bucket(n, start_, end_, nbuckets) do
    import ExoSQL.Utils, only: [to_float!: 1, to_number!: 1]

    n = to_float!(n)
    start_ = to_float!(start_)
    end_ = to_float!(end_)
    nbuckets = to_number!(nbuckets)

    ((n - start_) * nbuckets / (end_- start_))
      |> Kernel.round
  end


  @doc ~S"""
  Generates a table with the series of numbers as given. Use for histograms
  without holes.
  """
  def generate_series(end_), do: generate_series(1,end_,1)
  def generate_series(start_,end_), do: generate_series(start_,end_,1)
  def generate_series(start_,end_,step) do
    import ExoSQL.Utils, only: [to_number!: 1]
    start_ = to_number!(start_)
    end_ = to_number!(end_)
    step = to_number!(step)

    if step < 0 and start_ < end_ do
      raise ArgumentError, "Start, end and step invalid. Will never reach end."
    end
    if step >= 0 and start_ > end_ do
      raise ArgumentError, "Start, end and step invalid. Will never reach end."
    end

    %{
      columns: ["generate_series"],
      rows: generate_series_range(start_, end_, step)
    }
  end
  defp generate_series_range(current, stop, step) do
    cond do
      step > 0 and current > stop ->
        []
      step < 0 and current < stop ->
        []
      true ->
        [ [current] | generate_series_range(current + step, stop, step)]
    end
  end


  @doc ~S"""
  Parses an URL and return some part of it.

  If not what is provided, returns a JSON object with:
  * host
  * port
  * scheme
  * path
  * query
  * user

  If what is passed, it performs a JSON Pointer search (jp function).

  It must receive a url with scheme://server or the result may not be well
  formed.

  For example, for emails, just use "email://connect@serverboards.io" or
  similar.

  """
  def urlparse(url), do: urlparse(url, nil)
  def urlparse(nil, what), do: urlparse("", what)
  def urlparse(url, what) do
    parsed = URI.parse(url)

    query = case parsed.query do
      nil -> nil
      q -> URI.decode_query(q)
    end

    json = %{
      "host" => parsed.host,
      "port" => parsed.port,
      "scheme" => parsed.scheme,
      "path" => parsed.path,
      "query" => query,
      "user" => parsed.userinfo,
    }

    if what do
      jp(json, what)
    else
      json
    end
  end


  @doc ~S"""
  Performs a JSON Pointer search on JSON data.

  It just uses / to separate keys.
  """
  def jp(nil, _), do: nil
  def jp(json, str) when is_binary(str), do: jp(json, String.split(str, "/"))
  def jp(json, [ head | rest]) when is_list(json) do
    n = ExoSQL.Utils.to_number!(head)
    jp(Enum.at(json, n), rest)
  end
  def jp(json, ["" | rest]), do: jp(json, rest)
  def jp(json, [head | rest]), do: jp(Map.get(json, head, nil), rest)
  def jp(json, []), do: json

  ### Aggregate functions
  def is_aggregate("count"), do: true
  def is_aggregate("avg"), do: true
  def is_aggregate("sum"), do: true
  def is_aggregate(_other), do: false

  def count(data, _) do
  # Logger.debug("Count #{inspect data}")
    Enum.count(data.rows)
  end

  def avg(data, expr) do
  # Logger.debug("Avg of #{inspect data} by #{inspect expr}")
    sum(data, expr) / count(data, nil)
  end

  def sum(data, expr) do
  # Logger.debug("Sum of #{inspect data} by #{inspect expr}")
    expr = ExoSQL.Executor.simplify_expr_columns(expr, data.columns, nil)
    # Logger.debug("Simplified expression #{inspect expr}")
    Enum.reduce(data.rows, 0, fn row, acc ->
      n = ExoSQL.Expr.run_expr(expr, row)
      n = case ExoSQL.Utils.to_number(n) do
        {:ok, n} -> n
        {:error, nil} -> 0
      end
      acc + n
    end)
  end

  def max_(data, expr) do
    expr = ExoSQL.Executor.simplify_expr_columns(expr, data.columns, nil)
    Enum.reduce(data.rows, nil, fn row, acc ->
      n = ExoSQL.Expr.run_expr(expr, row)
      {:ok, n} = ExoSQL.Utils.to_number(n)
      if not acc or n > acc do
        n
      else
        acc
      end
    end)
  end
  def min_(data, expr) do
    expr = ExoSQL.Executor.simplify_expr_columns(expr, data.columns, nil)
    Enum.reduce(data.rows, nil, fn row, acc ->
      n = ExoSQL.Expr.run_expr(expr, row)
      {:ok, n} = ExoSQL.Utils.to_number(n)
      if not acc or n < acc do
        n
      else
        acc
      end
    end)
  end
end