esqlcipher

/*
 * Copyright 2011, 2012, 2013 Maas-Maarten Zeeman
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * 
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 * 
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
*/

/* adapted for sqlcipher by: Felix Kiunke <dev@fkiunke.de> */

/*
 * sqlcipher_nif -- an erlang sqlite nif.
*/

#include <erl_nif.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include "sqlite3.h"
#include "queue.h"

#define MAX_ATOM_LENGTH 255 /* from atom.h, not exposed in erlang include */
#define MAX_PATHNAME 512 /* unfortunately not in sqlite.h. */
#define MAX_KEY_LENGTH 8192

static ErlNifResourceType *esqlite_connection_type = NULL;
static ErlNifResourceType *esqlite_statement_type = NULL;

/* database connection context */
typedef struct {
    ErlNifTid tid;
    ErlNifThreadOpts* opts;
  
    sqlite3 *db;
    queue *commands;
     
    int alive;
} esqlite_connection;

/* prepared statement */
typedef struct {
    esqlite_connection *connection;
    sqlite3_stmt *statement;
} esqlite_statement;


typedef enum {
    cmd_unknown,
    cmd_open,
    cmd_key,
    cmd_rekey,
    cmd_exec,
    cmd_changes,
    cmd_prepare,
    cmd_bind,
    cmd_step,
    cmd_reset,
    cmd_column_names,
    cmd_column_types,
    cmd_close,
    cmd_stop,
    cmd_insert
} command_type;

typedef struct {
    command_type type;

    ErlNifEnv *env;
    ERL_NIF_TERM ref; 
    ErlNifPid pid;
    ERL_NIF_TERM arg;
    sqlite3_stmt *stmt;
} esqlite_command;

static ERL_NIF_TERM atom_esqlcipher;

static ERL_NIF_TERM 
make_atom(ErlNifEnv *env, const char *atom_name) 
{
    ERL_NIF_TERM atom;
  
    if(enif_make_existing_atom(env, atom_name, &atom, ERL_NIF_LATIN1)) 
	   return atom;

    return enif_make_atom(env, atom_name);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM 
make_ok_tuple(ErlNifEnv *env, ERL_NIF_TERM value) 
{
    return enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, "ok"), value);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM 
make_error_tuple(ErlNifEnv *env, const char *reason)
{
    return enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, "error"), make_atom(env, reason));
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM 
make_row_tuple(ErlNifEnv *env, ERL_NIF_TERM value) 
{
    return enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, "row"), value);
}

static const char *
get_sqlite3_return_code_msg(int r)
{
    switch(r) {
    case SQLITE_OK: return "ok";
    case SQLITE_ERROR : return "sqlite_error";
    case SQLITE_INTERNAL: return "internal";
    case SQLITE_PERM: return "perm"; 
    case SQLITE_ABORT: return "abort"; 
    case SQLITE_BUSY: return "busy";
    case SQLITE_LOCKED: return  "locked";
    case SQLITE_NOMEM: return  "nomem";
    case SQLITE_READONLY: return  "readonly";
    case SQLITE_INTERRUPT: return  "interrupt";
    case SQLITE_IOERR: return  "ioerror";
    case SQLITE_CORRUPT: return  "corrupt";
    case SQLITE_NOTFOUND: return  "notfound";
    case SQLITE_FULL: return  "full";
    case SQLITE_CANTOPEN: return  "cantopen";
    case SQLITE_PROTOCOL: return  "protocol";
    case SQLITE_EMPTY: return  "empty";
    case SQLITE_SCHEMA: return  "schema";
    case SQLITE_TOOBIG: return  "toobig";
    case SQLITE_CONSTRAINT: return  "constraint";
    case SQLITE_MISMATCH: return  "mismatch";
    case SQLITE_MISUSE: return  "misuse";
    case SQLITE_NOLFS: return  "nolfs";
    case SQLITE_AUTH: return  "auth";
    case SQLITE_FORMAT: return  "format";
    case SQLITE_RANGE: return  "range";
    case SQLITE_NOTADB: return  "notadb";
    case SQLITE_ROW: return  "row";
    case SQLITE_DONE: return  "done";
    }
    return  "unknown";
}

static const char *
get_sqlite3_error_msg(int error_code, sqlite3 *db)
{
    static const char *msg;

    if(error_code == SQLITE_MISUSE) 
        return "Sqlite3 was invoked incorrectly.";

    msg = sqlite3_errmsg(db);
    if(!msg) 
        return "No sqlite3 error message found.";

    return msg;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
make_sqlite3_error_tuple(ErlNifEnv *env, int error_code, sqlite3 *db) 
{
    const char *error_code_msg = get_sqlite3_return_code_msg(error_code);
    const char *msg = get_sqlite3_error_msg(error_code, db);
    
    return enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, "error"), 
        enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, error_code_msg), 
            enif_make_string(env, msg, ERL_NIF_LATIN1)));
}

static void
command_destroy(void *obj) 
{
    esqlite_command *cmd = (esqlite_command *) obj;

    if(cmd->env != NULL) 
	   enif_free_env(cmd->env);

    enif_free(cmd);
}

static esqlite_command *
command_create() 
{
    esqlite_command *cmd = (esqlite_command *) enif_alloc(sizeof(esqlite_command));
    if(cmd == NULL)
	   return NULL;

    cmd->env = enif_alloc_env();
    if(cmd->env == NULL) {
	    command_destroy(cmd);
        return NULL;
    }

    cmd->type = cmd_unknown;
    cmd->ref = 0;
    cmd->arg = 0;
    cmd->stmt = NULL;

    return cmd;
}

/*
 *
 */
static void 
destruct_esqlite_connection(ErlNifEnv *env, void *arg)
{
    esqlite_connection *db = (esqlite_connection *) arg;
    esqlite_command *cmd = command_create();
  
    /* Send the stop command 
     */
    cmd->type = cmd_stop;
    queue_push(db->commands, cmd);
     
    /* Wait for the thread to finish 
     */
    enif_thread_join(db->tid, NULL);
    enif_thread_opts_destroy(db->opts);
     
    /* The thread has finished... now remove the command queue, and close
     * the datbase (if it was still open).
     */
    queue_destroy(db->commands);

    if(db->db) {
        sqlite3_close_v2(db->db);
        db->db = NULL;
    }
}

static void
destruct_esqlite_statement(ErlNifEnv *env, void *arg)
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt = (esqlite_statement *) arg;

    if(stmt->statement) {
	   sqlite3_finalize(stmt->statement);
	   stmt->statement = NULL;
    }

    enif_release_resource(stmt->connection);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_open(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *db, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg) 
{
    char filename[MAX_PATHNAME];
    unsigned int size;
    int rc;
    ERL_NIF_TERM error;

    size = enif_get_string(env, arg, filename, MAX_PATHNAME, ERL_NIF_LATIN1);
    if(size <= 0) 
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_filename");

    /* Open the database. 
     */
    rc = sqlite3_open(filename, &db->db);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        error = make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, db->db);
        sqlite3_close_v2(db->db);
        db->db = NULL;
     
        return error;
    }

    sqlite3_busy_timeout(db->db, 2000);

    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_key(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg) 
{
    ErlNifBinary bin;

    enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, enif_make_list1(env, arg), &bin);

    if (bin.size > INT_MAX || bin.size < 1)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_key");

    int rc;

    rc = sqlite3_key(conn->db, bin.data, bin.size);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK) {
        return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);
    }

    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_rekey(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg) 
{
    ErlNifBinary bin;

    enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, enif_make_list1(env, arg), &bin);

    if (bin.size > INT_MAX || bin.size < 1)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_key");

    int rc;

    rc = sqlite3_rekey(conn->db, bin.data, bin.size);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK)
        return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);

    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

/* 
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_exec(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    ErlNifBinary bin;
    int rc;
    ERL_NIF_TERM eos = enif_make_int(env, 0);

    enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, 
        enif_make_list2(env, arg, eos), &bin);

    rc = sqlite3_exec(conn->db, (char *) bin.data, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK)
	    return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);

    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

/*
 * Nr of changes
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_changes(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    int changes = sqlite3_changes(conn->db);

    ERL_NIF_TERM changes_term = enif_make_int64(env, changes);
    return make_ok_tuple(env, changes_term);
}

/*
* insert action
*/
static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_insert(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    ErlNifBinary bin;
    int rc;
    ERL_NIF_TERM eos = enif_make_int(env, 0);

    enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env,
        enif_make_list2(env, arg, eos), &bin);

    rc = sqlite3_exec(conn->db, (char *) bin.data, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK)
        return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);
    sqlite3_int64 last_rowid = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(conn->db);
    ERL_NIF_TERM last_rowid_term = enif_make_int64(env, last_rowid);
    return make_ok_tuple(env, last_rowid_term);
}

/*
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_prepare(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    ErlNifBinary bin;
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    ERL_NIF_TERM esqlite_stmt;
    const char *tail;
    int rc;
    ERL_NIF_TERM eos = enif_make_int(env, 0);

    if(!enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, enif_make_list2(env, arg, eos), &bin))
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "not an iolist");

    stmt = enif_alloc_resource(esqlite_statement_type, sizeof(esqlite_statement));
    if(!stmt) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_memory");

    rc = sqlite3_prepare_v2(conn->db, (char *) bin.data, bin.size, &(stmt->statement), &tail);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK)
	    return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);

    enif_keep_resource(conn);
    stmt->connection = conn;

    esqlite_stmt = enif_make_resource(env, stmt);
    enif_release_resource(stmt);

    return make_ok_tuple(env, esqlite_stmt);
}

static int
bind_cell(ErlNifEnv *env, const ERL_NIF_TERM cell, sqlite3_stmt *stmt, unsigned int i)
{
    int the_int;
    ErlNifSInt64 the_long_int;
    double the_double;
    char the_atom[MAX_ATOM_LENGTH+1];
    ErlNifBinary the_blob;
    int arity;
    const ERL_NIF_TERM* tuple;

    if(enif_get_int(env, cell, &the_int)) 
	    return sqlite3_bind_int(stmt, i, the_int);

    if(enif_get_int64(env, cell, &the_long_int)) 
        return sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt, i, the_long_int);

    if(enif_get_double(env, cell, &the_double)) 
	    return sqlite3_bind_double(stmt, i, the_double);

    if(enif_get_atom(env, cell, the_atom, sizeof(the_atom), ERL_NIF_LATIN1)) {
	    if(strcmp("undefined", the_atom) == 0) {
	       return sqlite3_bind_null(stmt, i);
	    }
	  
	    return sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, i, the_atom, strlen(the_atom), SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
    }

    /* Bind as text assume it is utf-8 encoded text */
    if(enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, cell, &the_blob))
        return sqlite3_bind_text(stmt, i, (char *) the_blob.data, the_blob.size, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);

    /* Check for blob tuple */
    if(enif_get_tuple(env, cell, &arity, &tuple)) {
        if(arity != 2) 
            return -1;

        /* length 2! */
        if(enif_get_atom(env, tuple[0], the_atom, sizeof(the_atom), ERL_NIF_LATIN1)) {
            /* its a blob... */
            if(0 == strncmp("blob", the_atom, strlen("blob"))) {
                /* with a iolist as argument */
                if(enif_inspect_iolist_as_binary(env, tuple[1], &the_blob)) {
                    /* kaboom... get the blob */
	                return sqlite3_bind_blob(stmt, i, the_blob.data, the_blob.size, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return -1;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_bind(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    int parameter_count = sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(stmt);
    int i, is_list, r;
    ERL_NIF_TERM list, head, tail;
    unsigned int list_length;

    is_list = enif_get_list_length(env, arg, &list_length);
    if(!is_list) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "bad_arg_list");
    if(parameter_count != list_length) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "args_wrong_length");

    sqlite3_reset(stmt);
     
    list = arg;
    for(i=0; i < list_length; i++) {
	    enif_get_list_cell(env, list, &head, &tail);
	    r = bind_cell(env, head, stmt, i+1);
	    if(r == -1) 
	        return make_error_tuple(env, "wrong_type");
	    if(r != SQLITE_OK)
	        return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, r, db);
	    list = tail;
    }
     
    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
make_binary(ErlNifEnv *env, const void *bytes, unsigned int size) 
{
    ErlNifBinary blob;
    ERL_NIF_TERM term;

    if(!enif_alloc_binary(size, &blob)) {
	    /* TODO: fix this */
	    return make_atom(env, "error");
    }

    memcpy(blob.data, bytes, size);
    term = enif_make_binary(env, &blob);
    enif_release_binary(&blob);

    return term;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
make_cell(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3_stmt *statement, unsigned int i)
{
    int type = sqlite3_column_type(statement, i);
     
    switch(type) {
    case SQLITE_INTEGER:
	    return enif_make_int64(env, sqlite3_column_int64(statement, i));
    case SQLITE_FLOAT:
	    return enif_make_double(env, sqlite3_column_double(statement, i));
    case SQLITE_BLOB:
        return enif_make_tuple2(env, make_atom(env, "blob"), 
            make_binary(env, sqlite3_column_blob(statement, i), 
                sqlite3_column_bytes(statement, i)));
    case SQLITE_NULL:
	    return make_atom(env, "undefined");
    case SQLITE_TEXT:
	    return make_binary(env, sqlite3_column_text(statement, i), 
            sqlite3_column_bytes(statement, i));
    default:
	    return make_atom(env, "should_not_happen");
    }
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
make_row(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3_stmt *statement) 
{
    int i, size;
    ERL_NIF_TERM *array;
    ERL_NIF_TERM row;
     
    size = sqlite3_column_count(statement);
    array = (ERL_NIF_TERM *) malloc(sizeof(ERL_NIF_TERM)*size);

    if(!array) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_memory");

    for(i = 0; i < size; i++) 
	    array[i] = make_cell(env, statement, i);

    row = make_row_tuple(env, enif_make_tuple_from_array(env, array, size));
    free(array);
    return row;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_step(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
    int rc = sqlite3_step(stmt);

    if(rc == SQLITE_ROW) 
        return make_row(env, stmt);
    if(rc == SQLITE_BUSY)
        return make_atom(env, "$busy");

    if(rc == SQLITE_DONE) { 
        /* 
         * Automatically reset the statement after a done so 
         * column_names will work after the statement is done.
         *
         * Not resetting the statement can lead to vm crashes.
         */
        sqlite3_reset(stmt);
        return make_atom(env, "$done");
    }

    /* We use prepare_v2, so any error code can be returned. */
    return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, db);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_reset(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
    int rc = sqlite3_reset(stmt);

    if(rc == SQLITE_OK) 
        return make_atom(env, "ok");

    return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, db);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_column_names(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
    int i, size;
    const char *name;
    ERL_NIF_TERM *array;
    ERL_NIF_TERM column_names;
     
    size = sqlite3_column_count(stmt);
    if(size == 0)
        return enif_make_tuple(env, 0);
    else if(size < 0)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_column_count");

    array = (ERL_NIF_TERM *) malloc(sizeof(ERL_NIF_TERM) * size);
    if(!array)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "no_memory");

    for(i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        name = sqlite3_column_name(stmt, i);
        if(name == NULL) {
            free(array);
            return make_error_tuple(env, "sqlite3_malloc_failure");
        }

        array[i] = make_atom(env, name);
    }

    column_names = enif_make_tuple_from_array(env, array, size);
    free(array);
    return column_names;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_column_types(ErlNifEnv *env, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
{
    int i, size;
    const char *type;
    ERL_NIF_TERM *array;
    ERL_NIF_TERM column_types;
     
    size = sqlite3_column_count(stmt);
    if(size == 0)
        return enif_make_tuple(env, 0);
    else if(size < 0)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_column_count");

    array = (ERL_NIF_TERM *) malloc(sizeof(ERL_NIF_TERM) * size);
    if(!array)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "no_memory");

    for(i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        type = sqlite3_column_decltype(stmt, i);
        if(type == NULL) {
	    type = "nil";
        }

        array[i] = make_atom(env, type);
    }

    column_types = enif_make_tuple_from_array(env, array, size);
    free(array);
    return column_types;
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
do_close(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, const ERL_NIF_TERM arg)
{
    int rc;
     
    rc = sqlite3_close_v2(conn->db);
    if(rc != SQLITE_OK) 
	    return make_sqlite3_error_tuple(env, rc, conn->db);

    conn->db = NULL;
    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
evaluate_command(esqlite_command *cmd, esqlite_connection *conn)
{
    switch(cmd->type) {
    case cmd_open:
        return do_open(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_key:
        return do_key(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_rekey:
	    return do_rekey(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_exec:
	    return do_exec(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_changes:
	    return do_changes(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_prepare:
	    return do_prepare(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_step:
	    return do_step(cmd->env, conn->db, cmd->stmt);
    case cmd_reset:
	    return do_reset(cmd->env, conn->db, cmd->stmt);
    case cmd_bind:
	    return do_bind(cmd->env, conn->db, cmd->stmt, cmd->arg);
    case cmd_column_names:
	    return do_column_names(cmd->env, cmd->stmt);
    case cmd_column_types:
	    return do_column_types(cmd->env, cmd->stmt);
    case cmd_close:
	    return do_close(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
	case cmd_insert:
	    return do_insert(cmd->env, conn, cmd->arg);
    default:
	    return make_error_tuple(cmd->env, "invalid_command");
    }
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
push_command(ErlNifEnv *env, esqlite_connection *conn, esqlite_command *cmd) {
    if(!queue_push(conn->commands, cmd)) 
        return make_error_tuple(env, "command_push_failed");
  
    return make_atom(env, "ok");
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
make_answer(esqlite_command *cmd, ERL_NIF_TERM answer)
{
    return enif_make_tuple3(cmd->env, atom_esqlcipher, cmd->ref, answer);
}

static void *
esqlite_connection_run(void *arg)
{
    esqlite_connection *db = (esqlite_connection *) arg;
    esqlite_command *cmd;
    int continue_running = 1;
     
    db->alive = 1;

    while(continue_running) {
	    cmd = queue_pop(db->commands);
    
	    if(cmd->type == cmd_stop) 
	        continue_running = 0;
	    else 
	        enif_send(NULL, &cmd->pid, cmd->env, make_answer(cmd, evaluate_command(cmd, db)));
    
	    command_destroy(cmd);    
    }
  
    db->alive = 0;
    return NULL;
}

/* 
 * Start the processing thread
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_start(ErlNifEnv* env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *conn;
    ERL_NIF_TERM db_conn;

    /* Initialize the resource */
    conn = enif_alloc_resource(esqlite_connection_type, sizeof(esqlite_connection));
    if(!conn) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_memory");
	  
    conn->db = NULL;

    /* Create command queue */
    conn->commands = queue_create();
    if(!conn->commands) {
	    enif_release_resource(conn);
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_queue_create_failed");
    }

    /* Start command processing thread */
    conn->opts = enif_thread_opts_create("esqldb_thread_opts");
    if(enif_thread_create("esqlite_connection", &conn->tid, esqlite_connection_run, conn, conn->opts) != 0) {
	    enif_release_resource(conn);
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "thread_create_failed");
    }

    db_conn = enif_make_resource(env, conn);
    enif_release_resource(conn);
  
    return make_ok_tuple(env, db_conn);
}

/* 
 * Open the database
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
esqlite_open(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;
     
    if(argc != 4) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);     
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid");

    /* Note, no check is made for the type of the argument */
    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_open;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}

/*
 * Give a database key
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
esqlite_key(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;
     
    if(argc != 4)
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1]))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid");

    /* Note, no check is made for the type of the argument */
    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_key;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}

/*
 * Change the database key
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
esqlite_rekey(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;
     
    if(argc != 4)
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1]))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid");

    /* Note, no check is made for the type of the argument */
    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_rekey;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}

/*
 * Execute the sql statement
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_exec(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;
     
    if(argc != 4) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);  
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    
    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");
     
    /* command */
    cmd->type = cmd_exec;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}

/*
 * Count the nr of changes of last statement
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_changes(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;
     
    if(argc != 3) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);  
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    
    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");
     
    /* command */
    cmd->type = cmd_changes;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}

static ERL_NIF_TERM
esqlite_insert(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *db;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 4)
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &db))
        return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1]))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid))
        return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid");

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd)
        return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    /* command */
    cmd->type = cmd_insert;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, db, cmd);
}


/*
 * Prepare the sql statement
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_prepare(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *conn;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 4) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &conn))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_prepare;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    return push_command(env, conn, cmd);
}

/*
 * Bind a variable to a prepared statement
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_bind(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 4) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_statement_type, (void **) &stmt))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_bind;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->stmt = stmt->statement;
    cmd->arg = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[3]);

    if(!stmt->connection) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_connection");
    if(!stmt->connection->commands)
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_command_queue");

    return push_command(env, stmt->connection, cmd);
}

/*
 * Step to a prepared statement
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_step(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 3) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_statement_type, (void **) &stmt))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    if(!stmt->statement) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_prepared_statement");

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	   return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_step;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->stmt = stmt->statement;

    if(!stmt->connection) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_connection");
    if(!stmt->connection->commands)
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_command_queue");

    return push_command(env, stmt->connection, cmd);
}

/*
 * Reset a prepared statement to its initial state
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_reset(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 3) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_statement_type, (void **) &stmt))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    if(!stmt->statement) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_prepared_statement");

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	   return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_reset;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->stmt = stmt->statement;

    if(!stmt->connection) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_connection");
    if(!stmt->connection->commands)
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_command_queue");

    return push_command(env, stmt->connection, cmd);
}

/*
 * Get the column names of the prepared statement.
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_column_names(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 3) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_statement_type, (void **) &stmt))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    if(!stmt->statement) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_prepared_statement");

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_column_names;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->stmt = stmt->statement;

    if(!stmt->connection) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_connection");
    if(!stmt->connection->commands)
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_command_queue");

    return push_command(env, stmt->connection, cmd);
}

/*
 * Get the column types of the prepared statement.
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM 
esqlite_column_types(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_statement *stmt;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(argc != 3) 
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_statement_type, (void **) &stmt))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 
    if(!stmt->statement) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_prepared_statement");

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_column_types;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;
    cmd->stmt = stmt->statement;

    if(!stmt->connection) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_connection");
    if(!stmt->connection->commands)
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "no_command_queue");

    return push_command(env, stmt->connection, cmd);
}

/*
 * Close the database
 */
static ERL_NIF_TERM
esqlite_close(ErlNifEnv *env, int argc, const ERL_NIF_TERM argv[])
{
    esqlite_connection *conn;
    esqlite_command *cmd = NULL;
    ErlNifPid pid;

    if(!enif_get_resource(env, argv[0], esqlite_connection_type, (void **) &conn))
	    return enif_make_badarg(env);
    if(!enif_is_ref(env, argv[1])) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_ref");
    if(!enif_get_local_pid(env, argv[2], &pid)) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "invalid_pid"); 

    cmd = command_create();
    if(!cmd) 
	    return make_error_tuple(env, "command_create_failed");

    cmd->type = cmd_close;
    cmd->ref = enif_make_copy(cmd->env, argv[1]);
    cmd->pid = pid;

    return push_command(env, conn, cmd);
}

/*
 * Load the nif. Initialize some stuff and such
 */
static int 
on_load(ErlNifEnv* env, void** priv, ERL_NIF_TERM info)
{
    ErlNifResourceType *rt;
     
    rt = enif_open_resource_type(env, "esqlcipher_nif", "esqlite_connection_type", 
				destruct_esqlite_connection, ERL_NIF_RT_CREATE, NULL);
    if(!rt) 
	    return -1;
    esqlite_connection_type = rt;

    rt =  enif_open_resource_type(env, "esqlcipher_nif", "esqlite_statement_type",
				   destruct_esqlite_statement, ERL_NIF_RT_CREATE, NULL);
    if(!rt) 
	    return -1;
    esqlite_statement_type = rt;

    atom_esqlcipher = make_atom(env, "esqlcipher");

    return 0;
}

static int on_reload(ErlNifEnv* env, void** priv_data, ERL_NIF_TERM load_info)
{
    return 0;
}

static int on_upgrade(ErlNifEnv* env, void** priv, void** old_priv_data, ERL_NIF_TERM load_info)
{
    return 0;
}

static ErlNifFunc nif_funcs[] = {
    {"start", 0, esqlite_start},
    {"open", 4, esqlite_open},
    {"key", 4, esqlite_key},
    {"rekey", 4, esqlite_rekey},
    {"exec", 4, esqlite_exec},
    {"changes", 3, esqlite_changes},
    {"prepare", 4, esqlite_prepare},
    {"insert", 4, esqlite_insert},
    {"step", 3, esqlite_step},
    {"reset", 3, esqlite_reset},
    // TODO: {"esqlite_bind", 3, esqlite_bind_named},
    {"bind", 4, esqlite_bind},
    {"column_names", 3, esqlite_column_names},
    {"column_types", 3, esqlite_column_types},
    {"close", 3, esqlite_close}
};

ERL_NIF_INIT(esqlcipher_nif, nif_funcs, on_load, on_reload, on_upgrade, NULL);