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A static code analysis tool with a focus on code consistency and teaching.
Current section
Files
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Files
lib/credo/check/readability/with_single_clause.ex
defmodule Credo.Check.Readability.WithSingleClause do
use Credo.Check,
explanations: [
check: ~S"""
`with` statements are useful when you need to chain a sequence
of pattern matches, stopping at the first one that fails.
If the `with` has a single pattern matching clause and no `else`
branch, it means that if the clause doesn't match than the whole
`with` will return the value of that clause.
However, if that `with` has also an `else` clause, then you're using `with` exactly
like a `case` and a `case` should be used instead.
Take this code:
with {:ok, user} <- User.create(make_ref()) do
user
else
{:error, :db_down} ->
raise "DB is down!"
{:error, reason} ->
raise "error: #{inspect(reason)}"
end
It can be rewritten with a clearer use of `case`:
case User.create(make_ref()) do
{:ok, user} ->
user
{:error, :db_down} ->
raise "DB is down!"
{:error, reason} ->
raise "error: #{inspect(reason)}"
end
Like all `Readability` issues, this one is not a technical concern.
But you can improve the odds of others reading and liking your code by making
it easier to follow.
"""
]
alias Credo.Code
@doc false
@impl true
def run(%SourceFile{} = source_file, params) do
issue_meta = IssueMeta.for(source_file, params)
Code.prewalk(source_file, &traverse(&1, &2, issue_meta))
end
# TODO: consider for experimental check front-loader (ast)
defp traverse({:with, meta, [_, _ | _] = clauses_and_body} = ast, issues, issue_meta)
when is_list(clauses_and_body) do
# If clauses_and_body is a list with at least two elements in it, we think
# this might be a call to the special form "with". To be sure of that,
# we get the last element of clauses_and_body and check that it's a keyword
# list with a :do key in it (the body).
# We can hard-match on [maybe_body] here since we know that clauses_and_body
# has at least two elements.
{maybe_clauses, [maybe_body]} = Enum.split(clauses_and_body, -1)
if Keyword.keyword?(maybe_body) and Keyword.has_key?(maybe_body, :do) do
issue =
issue_if_one_pattern_clause_with_else(maybe_clauses, maybe_body, meta[:line], issue_meta)
{ast, issue ++ issues}
else
{ast, issues}
end
end
defp traverse(ast, issues, _issue_meta) do
{ast, issues}
end
defp issue_if_one_pattern_clause_with_else(clauses, body, line, issue_meta) do
pattern_clauses_count = Enum.count(clauses, &match?({:<-, _, _}, &1))
if pattern_clauses_count <= 1 and Keyword.has_key?(body, :else) do
[
format_issue(issue_meta,
message:
"`with` contains only one <- clause and an `else` branch, consider using `case` instead",
line_no: line
)
]
else
[]
end
end
end