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A declarative, extensible framework for building Elixir applications.

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ash lib ash typed_struct.ex
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lib/ash/typed_struct.ex

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 ash contributors <https://github.com/ash-project/ash/graphs/contributors>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
defmodule Ash.TypedStruct do
@moduledoc """
A DSL for defining typed structs with field validation and constraints.
`Ash.TypedStruct` provides a convenient way to define a struct type in Ash.
Under the hood, it creates an `Ash.Type.NewType` with `subtype_of: :struct`
and the appropriate constraints.
## Example
defmodule MyApp.UserProfile do
use Ash.TypedStruct
typed_struct do
field :username, :string, allow_nil?: false
field :email, :string, constraints: [match: ~r/@/]
field :age, :integer, constraints: [min: 0, max: 150]
field :bio, :string, default: ""
field :verified, :boolean, default: false
end
end
# Creating instances
{:ok, profile} = MyApp.UserProfile.new(username: "john", email: "john@example.com")
# Using new! for raising on errors
profile = MyApp.UserProfile.new!(username: "jane", email: "jane@example.com", age: 25)
# Can be used as an Ash type
defmodule MyApp.User do
use Ash.Resource
attributes do
attribute :profile, MyApp.UserProfile
end
end
## Field Options
* `:type` - The Ash type of the field (required)
* `:default` - Default value for the field
* `:allow_nil?` - Whether the field can be nil (defaults to `true`)
* `:constraints` - Type-specific constraints (e.g., `:min`, `:max`, `:match`)
* `:description` - Field documentation
## Constructor Functions
The generated module includes:
* `new/1` - Returns `{:ok, struct}` or `{:error, error}`
* `new!/1` - Returns the struct or raises an error
## Overriding new/1
You can override the `new/1` function to add custom logic:
defmodule MyApp.CustomStruct do
use Ash.TypedStruct
typed_struct do
field :name, :string, allow_nil?: false
field :created_at, :utc_datetime
end
def new(params) do
params = Map.put_new(params, :created_at, DateTime.utc_now())
super(params)
end
end
"""
defmodule Field do
@moduledoc "Represents a field on a typed struct"
defstruct [
:name,
:type,
:constraints,
:default,
:allow_nil?,
:description,
:__spark_metadata__
]
@type t :: %__MODULE__{
name: atom(),
constraints: Keyword.t(),
type: Ash.Type.t(),
default: nil | term | (-> term),
__spark_metadata__: Spark.Dsl.Entity.spark_meta()
}
end
defmodule Dsl do
@moduledoc false
@field %Spark.Dsl.Entity{
name: :field,
target: Field,
describe: "A field on the struct",
args: [:name, :type],
transform: {Ash.Type, :set_type_transformation, []},
schema: [
name: [
type: :atom,
required: true,
doc: "The name of the struct field"
],
type: [
type: Ash.OptionsHelpers.ash_type(),
required: true,
doc: "The type of the struct field"
],
default: [
type: :any,
doc: "the default value for the field"
],
description: [
type: :any,
doc: "a description for the field"
],
constraints: [
type: :any,
default: [],
doc: """
Constraints to provide to the type when casting the value. For more, see `Ash.Type`.
"""
],
allow_nil?: [
type: :boolean,
default: true,
doc: """
Whether or not the field can be set to nil.
"""
]
]
}
@struct %Spark.Dsl.Section{
name: :typed_struct,
describe: """
Describe the fields of the struct
""",
after_define: {__MODULE__, :after_define},
entities: [
@field
]
}
# sobelow_skip ["RCE.CodeModule"]
def after_define do
quote do
fields = Spark.Dsl.Extension.get_entities(__MODULE__, [:typed_struct])
fields_with_defaults = Enum.map(fields, &{&1.name, &1.default})
module = __MODULE__
defaults =
Map.new(Enum.reject(fields_with_defaults, &is_nil(elem(&1, 1))))
enforce_keys =
Enum.flat_map(fields, fn field ->
if field.allow_nil? == false and is_nil(field.default) do
[field.name]
else
[]
end
end)
# map_required_fields_match =
# enforce_keys
# |> Enum.reject(&(&1 in Map.keys(defaults)))
# |> Enum.map(&{&1, {:_, [], Elixir}})
# |> then(&{:%{}, [], &1})
map_constraints =
[
fields:
Keyword.new(fields, fn field ->
{field.name,
Keyword.new(
Map.take(field, [
:type,
:constraints,
:description,
:constraints,
:allow_nil?
])
)
|> Enum.reject(&is_nil(elem(&1, 1)))}
end),
instance_of: module
]
# sobelow_skip ["RCE.CodeModule"]
Code.eval_quoted(
Ash.TypedStruct.__define_typed_struct__(
enforce_keys,
fields_with_defaults,
map_constraints,
defaults
# map_required_fields_match
),
[],
__ENV__
)
end
end
use Spark.Dsl.Extension,
sections: [@struct]
end
@doc false
def __define_typed_struct__(
enforce_keys,
fields_with_defaults,
map_constraints,
defaults
# map_required_fields_match
) do
keyed_defaults =
Enum.reduce(defaults, %{}, fn {k, v}, acc ->
Map.put(acc, k, {to_string(k), v})
end)
quote do
@enforce_keys unquote(enforce_keys)
defstruct unquote(Macro.escape(fields_with_defaults))
use Ash.Type.NewType,
subtype_of: :struct,
constraints: unquote(Macro.escape(map_constraints))
# if Enum.any?(unquote(enforce_keys), &(&1 not in Map.keys(unquote(Macro.escape(defaults))))) do
# @doc "Create a new #{__MODULE__}, raising any error"
# def new!(unquote(map_required_fields_match) = fields) do
# fields
# |> new()
# |> Ash.Helpers.unwrap_or_raise!()
# end
# end
def new!(fields) do
fields
|> new()
|> Ash.Helpers.unwrap_or_raise!()
end
@doc "Create a new #{__MODULE__}, or return an error"
def new(%__MODULE__{} = fields) do
fields = Map.merge(unquote(Macro.escape(defaults)), fields)
case do_constraints(fields, []) do
{:ok, value} -> {:ok, value}
{:error, error} -> {:error, Ash.Error.to_ash_error(error)}
end
end
def new(%_{} = fields) do
fields =
Enum.reduce(unquote(Macro.escape(keyed_defaults)), fields, fn {key, {string_key, value}},
acc ->
if Map.has_key?(acc, key) || Map.has_key?(acc, string_key) do
acc
else
Map.put(acc, key, value)
end
end)
case do_constraints(fields, unquote(Macro.escape(map_constraints))) do
{:ok, value} -> {:ok, value}
{:error, error} -> {:error, Ash.Error.to_ash_error(error)}
end
end
def new(fields) do
fields =
Enum.reduce(unquote(Macro.escape(keyed_defaults)), Map.new(fields), fn {key,
{string_key,
value}},
acc ->
if Map.has_key?(acc, key) || Map.has_key?(acc, string_key) do
acc
else
Map.put(acc, key, value)
end
end)
case do_constraints(
fields,
unquote(Macro.escape(map_constraints))
) do
{:ok, value} ->
{:ok, value}
{:error, error} ->
Ash.Type.CompositeTypeHelpers.convert_errors_to_invalid_attributes(error)
end
end
def cast_input("", _), do: {:ok, nil}
def cast_input(nil, _), do: {:ok, nil}
def cast_input(value, constraints) when is_binary(value) do
case Ash.Helpers.json_module().decode(value) do
{:ok, value} ->
cast_input(value, constraints)
_ ->
:error
end
end
def cast_input(v, constraints) do
with {:ok, v} <- new(v) do
super(v, constraints)
end
end
defp do_constraints(value, constraints) when is_map(value) do
Ash.Type.apply_constraints(Ash.Type.Struct, value, constraints)
end
defoverridable new: 1
end
end
use Spark.Dsl, default_extensions: [extensions: [Dsl]]
end